Mutations in the tol-pal genes induce pleiotropic effects such as release of periplasmic proteins into the extracellular medium and hypersensitivity to drugs and detergents. Other outer membrane defective strains such as tolC, lpp, and rfa mutations are also altered in their outer membrane permeability. In this study, electron microscopy and Western blot analyses were used to show that strains ...

Phospholipid transfer between small unilamellar vesicles and Chinese hamster fibroblasts, a process in which cellular uptake of vesicle lipids without concomitant uptake of vesicle contents occurs, was studied. Isotopically asymmetric vesicles were formed by incubation of 3H-labeled dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine or 3H-labeled dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine-containing vesicles with appropriate...

Cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1 (CNF1) is one of the virulence factors produced by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). How this toxin is translocated from the bacterial cytoplasm to the surrounding environment is not well understood. Our data suggest that CNF1 may be regarded as a secreted protein, since it could be detected in culture supernatants. Furthermore, we found that CNF1 was ti...

Rapid detection and quantification of outer membrane vesicle (OMV) are both scientific value clinical implications. However, limited tools available for investigations OMVs. Herein, we report a novel fluorescent probe with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics, namely, OEO-TPE-MEM (OTM), OMV detection. OTM emits faintly in an aqueous medium, but its fluorescence could be effectivel...

Objective(s): The porins A and B and also outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of Neisseria meningitidis are used for vaccine purposes. In the present study, we aimed to design a new vaccine candidate based on a fusion of PorA of serogroups A and B of N. meningitidis admixed with OMV and evaluate it in an animal model.Materials and Methods: Af...