Peripheral vestibular equilibrium disorders may originate in various parts of the labyrinth or of the vestibular nerve. Traditionally, the function of the lateral semicircular canals has been assessed by caloric irrigation and has been interpreted (sometimes falsely) as demonstrating a vestibular nerve lesion. The vertical semicircular canals are not assessed easily. Caloric testing with the he...

Characterizing the behavior of larvae prior to settlement is integral to understanding population dynamics because coastal oceanography may facilitate or limit settlement. Otolith microchemistry can be used to determine patterns of fish movement, although there is a limited understanding of how this tool can be applied in coastal marine systems. Our goal in this study was to evaluate the applic...

Otoliths are biomineralised structures required for the sensation of gravity, linear acceleration and sound in the zebrafish ear. Otolith precursor particles, initially distributed throughout the otic vesicle lumen, become tethered to the tips of hair cell kinocilia (tether cilia) at the otic vesicle poles, forming two otoliths. We have used high-speed video microscopy to investigate the role o...

Pelagic and demersal juvenile Baltic cod Gadus morhua L. were collected on the slope and the top of Rønne bank in the Baltic Sea during 2 cruises in November and December 1998. The objective of this study was to evaluate distinct changes in otolith increment width observed in demersal juveniles by comparison with laboratory-reared individuals, and to investigate the factors determining variatio...

Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in the otoliths of Atlantic bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus were used to investigate trans-Atlantic movement and natal homing behaviors. Otolith δ13C and δ18O of yearling bluefin tuna from 6 different year classes (1999 to 2004) were characterized to validate the approach and assess inter-annual variation in these markers for individuals from eastern (Mediterranea...

In the multiethnic Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croats and Muslims, attacked by the Yugoslav army and Serbs, had to employ rationally their poorly provisioned civilian health services so that they could respond to the extremely numerous and prompt needs of war conditions. The health services in the areas controlled by Croats and Muslims had to be reorganized twice because of sudden changes of wartim...

2 3 Canal-otolith interactions and detection thresholds of linear and 4 angular components during curved-path self-motion 5 6 7 Abbreviated title: Vestibular Detection and Canal-otolith Interactions 8 9 10 PAUL R MACNEILAGE, AMANDA H. TURNER AND DORA E. ANGELAKI 11 12 13 Dept. of Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 14 15 16 17 18

Fish otoliths provide a record of age, growth, and environmental influences. In both trout and turbot, spatial chemical investigation of the endolymph surrounding the otolith (sagitta) showed a lack of uniformity. Proteins, [Formula: see text], and Mg2+ were significantly more concentrated in the proximal (facing the macula) than distal zone, whereas the opposite was observed for K+ and total C...

According to the multisensory integration theory vestibular, optokinetic and proprioceptive inputs act in concert to maintain a stable retinal image of the visual world. Yet, it remains elusive to what extent the otolith organs contribute to this process and whether a specific loss of otolith input is compensated for. Here we investigated the compensatory eye movements in tilted mice, which lac...

Vestibular migraine (VM), a common cause of vestibular symptoms within the general population, is a disabling and poorly understood form of dizziness. We sought to examine the underlying pathophysiology of VM with three studies, which involved the central synthesis of canal and otolith cues, and present preliminary results from each of these studies: (1) VM patients appear to have reduced motio...