Specialized applied fields in natural sciences – medicine, biology, chemistry etc. require building and exploring of information systems based on related text forms (words, phrases). These forms represent expert information and knowledge. The paper discusses the integration of two basic approaches – relational for structuring complex related texts and object oriented for data analysis. This con...

The paper presents a methodology for development of tools for semantics oriented search in repositories of digitized manuscripts. This methodology is based on the application of some Semantic Web technologies to existing manuscript collections that may include: electronic catalogue containing marked-up manuscript descriptions, full texts of manuscripts, digital images of manuscript pages. It is...

We argue that the current, predominantly task-oriented, approaz~hes to modularizing text • generation, while plausible and useful conceptually, set up spurious conceptual and operational constraints. We propose a data-driven approach to modularization and illustrate how it eliminates • •the previously ubiquitous constraints on combination of evidence across modules and on • control. We also bri...

Parallel bilingual or multilingual corpora are often handled as collections of segments without any specific document organization. We describe SECTra_w, a web-oriented system which has been used for online MT evaluations, and has recently been extended to handle multimodal documents such as French-Chinese/Vietnamese/Hindi/Tamil interpreted bilingual spontaneous dialogues, mainly spoken but als...

In this paper, we present and analyze the results of the application of a text summarization system – GistSumm – to the task of monolingual question answering at CLEF 2006 for Portuguese texts. Using the system ability to produce topic-oriented summaries, we aimed at assessing its accuracy in finding answers to the posted questions, which were used as the topics for producing the corresponding ...

The terms coreference and anaphora tend to be used inconsistently and interchangeably in much empirically-oriented work in NLP, and this threatens to lead to incoherent analyses of texts and arbitrary loss of information. This paper discusses the role of coreference annotation in Information Extraction, focussing on the coreference scheme defined for the MUC-7 evaluation exercise. We point out ...

Argumentation (e.g. (Amgoud et al 2001, Moeschler 1985)) and, in particular, persuasive argumentation is a process frequently encountered in several types of exts where the challenge is to convince the reader to adhere to a certain point of view. Arguments come with forms of emphasis which give them more strength than normally expected, or, conversely, they may come with forms of irony or of de...

Reading newspapers may be seen as an "everyday cognitive task". Therefore it is not astonishing that some work in Artificial Intelligence aims at the simulation of aspects of the understanding processes of newspaper readers [Eisenstadt 1977; Rosenberg 1977]. There have even been pioneering system~: the Script ~0plier Mechanism [Cullingford 1978] demonstrated careful reading of "event~--oriented...

Arrau is a new corpus annotated for anaphoric relations, with information about agreement and explicit representation of multiple antecedents for ambiguous anaphoric expressions and discourse antecedents for expressions which refer to abstract entities such as events, actions and plans. The corpus contains texts from different genres: task-oriented dialogues from the Trains-91 and Trains-93 cor...

A task-oriented evaluation of text understanding systems was prepared and conducted. Nine different NLP systems participated in the evaluation. NOSC collected 150 texts to be used as development (i.e. training) and test data and prepared explanatory documentation on them. The performance task--a simulated database update task--and the expected outputs for each text were defined. A scoring syste...