OBJECTIVE To determine if maternal use of snuff (containing high levels of nicotine, low levels of nitrosamines and no combustion products) is associated with an increased risk of oral cleft malformations in the infant and whether cessation of snuff use or smoking before the antenatal booking influences the risk. METHOD A population-based cohort study was conducted on all live born infants, r...

over 10 years but were not performing well on ‘access’ because of a high number of patients who did not attend (DNA). We often had over 100 DNAs per month so many appointments were being wasted. I noticed that another local practice which permitted advance booking only 2 days ahead scored better in the ‘access’ survey than our practice. Another local practice was piloting a same day booking sys...

The main objectives of the Third Gas Directive (2009/73EC) approved by the European Union are: unbundling, creating an independent Transport Service Operator (TSO) and ensuring free access to the market. The separation of gas trading from transportation activities required new market rules and gas balancing. Thereby, the TSO's responsibilities are to maintain network pressures within acceptable...

We consider a problem faced by an airline that operates a number of parallel flights to transport cargo between a particular origin to destination pair. The airline can sell its cargo capacity either through allotment contracts or on the spot market, where customers exhibit choice behavior between different flights. The goal is to simultaneously select allotment contracts among available bids a...

BACKGROUND The 'Choose and Book' system provides an online booking service which primary care professionals can book in real time or soon after a patient's consultation. It aims to offer patients choice and improve outpatient clinic attendance rates. OBJECTIVE An audit comparing attendance rates of new patients booked into the Audiological Medicine Clinic using the 'Choose and Book' system wi...

Longer booking intervals between appointments in general practice are generally seen as 'a good thing', and have a strong 'evidence base' to support them. Changing to longer booking intervals is regarded as a pipe dream by many general practitioners (GPs). This paper reports the process and outcomes of a change to longer booking intervals in one practice, identifies the key elements of the chan...

P satisfaction with an appointment system when they attempt to book a nonurgent appointment is affected by their ability to book with a doctor of choice and to book an appointment at a convenient time of day. For medical conditions requiring urgent attention, patients want quick access to a familiar physician. For such instances, it is important for clinics to have open slots that allow same-da...