Route of administration of chemicals in adults is an important factor in pharmacokinetics of chemicals such as bisphenol A (BPA), the monomer with estrogenic activity used to make polycarbonate plastic products and to line food and beverage cans. Based on findings in adults it has been proposed (CERHR, 2007) that non-oral routes of administration in newborn rodents would also lead to high expos...

background: melatonin is a free radical scavenger. it has also antioxidant effects through its stimulatory actions on antioxidant system. objective: we conducted this study to examine the effect of different oral doses of melatonin on liver tissue. methods: we used 42 rats—6 rats in each group. group i served as the control group; group ii rats were pretreated with only melatonin; group iii was...

Objective(s): Carbon nanotubes have unique mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties, with potential different applications in nanomedicine, electronics, and other industries. These new applications of carbon nanotubes in different industries lead to the increased exposure risk of nanomaterials to human. Up to now, all aspects of carbon nanotubes toxicity are not com...

Pharmacokinetic parameters of DA-7867 were dose independent after both intravenous administration and oral administration (at doses of 1 to 20 mg/kg of body weight) to rats. After oral administration of DA-7867 to rats at a dose of 10 mg/kg, approximately 8.27% of oral dose was not absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, F was 70.8%, and approximately 21.8% of the oral dose was eliminated by ...

It has recently been reported that bisphosphonates are the most common treatment for osteoporotic patients. However, they are many problems, including poor bioavailability and adherence, as well as adverse drug reactions. Therefore, intravenous administration of bisphosphonates has been developed to resolve these problems. In Japan today, alendronate and ibandronate have been approved for intra...

lactobacilli, like the other gut commensal bacteria, are well known for their use in poultry nutrition and for their probiotic properties. however, little is known about their interaction with the gastro-intestinal tract when administered in vivo. to specifically monitor the passage of lactobacilli after administered in hatchery, lactobacillus plantarum was transformed with the recombinant vect...