Developing better technologies to adapt to a changing world is crucial for the growth of a knowledge-based economy. Indeed, new products in the areas of energy, pharmaceuticals, and telecommunications generate significant economic benefits. However, in order to maximise those benefits, firms need to devise research and development (R&D) strategies that are responsive to market conditions. We ta...

To reduce the refining energy consumption of chemi-mechanical pulping, treatment with NaOH-thiourea-urea aqueous solution was studied in this work. By means of single-factor experiments, the effects of alkali dosage, soaking time, and freezing time were evaluated. It was found that the optimal conditions were an alkali dosage of 8%, soaking time of 45 min, and freezing time of 105 min. The resu...

In this study, nano-TiO2 was employed for the adsorption of chloroform from aqueous solution in batch equilibrium experiments to investigate its adsorption properties. The effects of pH, initial chloroform concentration and nano-TiO2 dosage were also investigated. Optimal conditions for chloroform removal by nano-TiO2 have been then identified. Results of equilibrium experiments showed that the...

Clostridium butyricum is a kind of anaerobic bacteria, so de-aeration is extremely important during culture. In this paper, adding sodium thiosulfate and cysteine as well as mixed culture with Saccharomyces cerevisiae were adopted in de-aeration during Clostridium butyricum culture. The experimental results showed that the optimal dosage of sodium thiosulfate was 0.004g/mL, where the biomass of...