This paper introduces simulation-based re-enactment (SBR) as a novel method of documenting and studying the recent history of surgical practice. SBR aims to capture ways of surgical working that remain within living memory but have been superseded due to technical advances and changes in working patterns. Inspired by broader efforts in historical re-enactment and the use of simulation within su...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a mobile laminar airflow (LAF) unit in reducing bacterial contamination at the surgical area in an operating theatre supplied with turbulent air ventilation. Bacterial sedimentation was evaluated during 76 clean urological laparotomies; in 34 of these, a mobile LAF unit was added. During each operation, settle plates were placed at four poin...

BACKGROUND The minimal invasive investigation of solitary pulmonary nodules becomes increasingly important with the emergence of lung cancer screening. OBJECTIVES We report the results of the first utilization of a recently developed procedure in a bronchoscopy suite, which approaches solitary pulmonary nodules via a transparenchymal path. METHODS This study was a prospective, single-arm in...

theatrical works of art related to iraq & iran war are refered to as the genre of “the sacred defense theatre”. although various organizations were established to support these works but this genre have not been produced continuously. indeed, the sacred defense theatre is a kind of war theatre that not only deals with themes, situations, events and characters of war but also reflects moral and ...

Head injuries account for significant proportion of neurosurgical admissions and bed occupancy. Patients with head injuries also consume significant proportions of neurosurgical resources. A prospective 6-month study has been carried out to evaluate the expenditure incurred on head injury patients in a modern neurosurgical center equipped with state of the art infrastructure. Costing areas incl...

This paper investigates the impact of allowing patient recovery in the operating room when no recovery bed is available. Three types of identical resources are considered : transporters, operating rooms and recovery beds. A fixed number of patients must be planned over a term horizon, usually one or two weeks. The surgery process is modelled as follows : each patient is transported from the war...

emphasizing on the structural aspects of theatre of the absurd as a modern form of drama development, the present paper studies some of the principles of this dramatic school in bahman farsi's plays of 1340s. one of these principles is farsi's new understanding of dramatic action which is the most important element in conveying the author's intended concepts. affected by theatre ...

Transplants involve many steps and many people to ensure a good result. We will focus on the management of the team that is going to make the surgical operation to implant an organ to a patient. When a suitable receptor is found the hospital that is going to perform the transplant must organise all the necessary items to do it: find the medical team and an available operation theatre. This task...

Mini-invasive surgery deserves increasing attention to lower the post-operative stay in hospital and lessen falls-off complications. This leads to the trends in robots, as innovative integrated computer-aided implements. Out of front-end haptic effectors, the background support is turning to inclusive on-duty functions, e.g., surgical planners, operation assistants, etc., making possible the re...