Scattering off the edge of a composite particle or finite-range interaction can precede that its center. An effective theory treatment with pointlike particles and contact interactions must find scattered experimental wave is slightly advanced, in violation causality (the fundamental underlying being causal). In practice, partial-wave other projections multivariate amplitudes exponentially grow...

Concepts dealing with the subdivision of the human liver into independent vascular and biliary territories are applied routinely in radiological, surgical, and gastroenterological practice. Despite Couinaud's widely used eight-segments scheme, opinions on the issue differ considerably between authors. The aim of this article is to illustrate the scientific basis for understanding and harmonizin...

Asymmetric catalysis represents a very powerful tool for the synthesis of enantiopure compounds. In this context the main focus has been directed not only to the search for new efficient chiral catalysts, but also to the development of efficient pronucleophiles. This review highlights the utility and first examples of 1H-imidazol-4(5H)-ones and thiazol-4(5H)-ones as pronucleophiles in catalytic...