Biodynamic (BD) agriculture, a form of organic agriculture, includes the use of specially fermented preparations, but peer-reviewed studies on their efficacy are rare. Composting of a grape pomace and manure mixture was studied in two years (2002 and 2005) with and without the BD compost preparations. Water extracts of finished composts were then used to fertigate wheat seedlings, with and with...

Penetration by all migratory life stages of Pratylenchus penetrans into roots of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. cv. Du Puits) was inversely proportional to tissue age. Two-day-old tissue in the root hair zone was penetrated twice as much as 10- or 20-day-old sections of the tap root. Age-related differences were also observed in branch roots; these differences were not affected by increasing the n...

Liquidambar formosana Hance is a common deciduous broad-leaved tree known for its fast growth rate and adaptability. However, excessive logging has substantially reduced the area of natural forest patches L. formosana, seedling regeneration essential long-term continuation populations. To explore effects light intensity on emergence early controlled experiment was conducted under three light-in...

Growth of temperate lettuce (Lactuca sativa) plants aeroponically in tropical greenhouses under ambient root-zone temperatures (A-RZTs) exposes roots to temperatures of up to 40 degrees C during the middle of the day, and severely limits root and shoot growth. The role of ethylene in inhibiting growth was investigated with just-germinated (24-h-old) seedlings in vitro, and 10-d-old plants grown...

a semi-automatic 9-row transplanter for bare root seedlings has recently been developed at the isfahan center for agricultural research that plants 80 seedlings/m2 using 9 operators at a capacity of 0.3 ha/d (8 h). separating a single seedling from a bunch and dropping it into a distributer cell by hand takes 1 s on average. at a density of 700-800 thousand/ha, the travel speed should not excee...

in order to study the effect of intensity and exposure duration magnetic field on wheat (triticum aestivum l.) seed germination an experiment was conducted in laboratory of ferdowsi university of mashhad, iran. the experiment was including 11 treatments as three level of magnetic field intensities (pretreatment of seeds with 50, 100 and 150 mt magnetic field) and three exposure durations (10, 2...

In this article, we discuss the effects of long-term (17 months) aluminum (Al) treatment on the growth, root respiration rate, nutrient uptake rate, and photosynthetic activity of two-year-old Quercus serrata Thunb. seedlings. The seedlings were cultivated by supplying a nutrient solution with or without Al twice a week for 17 months in siliceous sand. After 5- and 17-month treatments, growth, ...

The growth of outplanted high-quality 1-0 northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) seedlings, growth differences between two categories of visually graded seedlings and herbivory by white-tail deer (Odocoileus virginianus (Boddaert)) were examined after two growing seasons. Seedlings were planted in plots receiving three overstory treatments (high grade, commercial clearcut, and two age) and an uncu...