We demonstrate three potential edible applications of shellac oleogels as (i) a continuous oil phase for preparation of emulsifier-free, structured w/o emulsions (spreads), (ii) a replacer for oil-binders in chocolate paste formulations and (iii) a shortening alternative for cake preparation. Water-in-oil emulsions with up to 60 wt% water were prepared without the need for an emulsifier by simp...

In addition to external oiling, marine oil spills may affect vertebrate animals through degradation of habitat; alterations in food web structure; and contamination of resources by toxic compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. These processes are not well understood for vertebrates breeding and foraging in terrestrial ecosystems affected by oil, such as coastal marshes that were ...

The CMS detector at the LHC has a redundant muon system. Two independent muon systems are used in the L1 trigger. One of them is based on wire chambers, the other on RPC detectors. Properly combining the answers of the two systems results in a highly efficient L1 trigger with high flexibility from the point of view of rate control. Simulation results show, however, that the RPC system suffers f...

Oil spills in coastal California are a conservation concern for many seabird species and are among the top threats to wintering populations of Aechmophorus grebes. Western Grebes A. occidentalis and Clark’s Grebes A. clarkii are sister taxa that breed in freshwater lakes throughout western North America and predominantly spend the nonbreeding season in the nearshore marine environment, where th...

Over the years many policy measures have been taken to prevent illegal oil discharges from ships, like the MARPOL 73/78 Convention (1983) and the Bonn Agreement (1969/1983). However, the number of discharges remained high, leading to chronic oiling of seabirds and sensitive coastlines, therefore further measures were taken. The aim of this study is to quantify the effectiveness of two key legis...

In this paper I discuss the use of a population dynamics model to predict the future population size of colonial seabirds after damages from a loss due to oiling. Although simple, the model was developed in a litigation context by a retained ‘team of experts’ and presented some challenges both in communication of results and concept to environmental lawyers and in the interpretation of results ...

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