This paper develops a generalized framework for hedonic estimation that exploits experimental and quasi-experimental designs to relax many assumptions required by previous approaches. In the context of an idealized experiment, the identifiability is established of the distribution across consumers of the Marginal Willingness to Pay (MWTP) for a given product-specific amenity with few restrictio...

F with fragmented markets, saturated and demanding customers, and global competition, firms increasingly must design and offer a line of innovative, quality-differentiated products to target customers with differing willingness to pay (WTP). In this context, designing a special class of products that we term developmentintensive products (DIPs)—for which the fixed costs of development far outwe...

Compound real options are combinations of real options, where an exercise of a real option opens another real option. Compound real options are commonly found in a number of industrial projects, but are especially relevant in, e.g., research and development (R&D) where the R&D projects give the real option to research further, or to start the implementation of the results. Valuation of compound...

Statistical language models play a ma jor role in current speech recognition sys tems Most of these models have fo cussed on relatively local interactions be tween words Recently however there have been several attempts to incorpo rate other knowledge sources in par ticular longer range word dependencies in order to improve speech recognizers We will present one such method which tries to autom...

Within the last decades an increasing number of people practice risky sports in their leisure time. Although there exists a vast number of economic literature on risk-taking behavior, an estimation of the individual willingness to pay (WTP) for the option to exercise risk-taking is missing. Monetarized values could support private industries in design pricing schemes that set incentives to redu...

We demonstrate that generically an accretion disk around a compact object could have a new type of instability in that the accretion flow need not be symmetric with respect to the equatorial plane even when matter is supplied symmetrically farther out. We find that this behaviour is mainly due to interaction of outgoing matter bounced off the centrifugal barrier and the incoming accretion. We b...

Materials and methods: Two hundred litters of piglets on a commercial breeder farm (Site One) were randomly allocated to two treatment groups: nonvaccinated or vaccinated with MH vaccine at 4 days of age and at weaning (off-label use of the vaccine). At weaning, treatment groups were commingled in two nursery barns on Site Two, segregated by gender (875 castrates, 911 females). At 8 weeks, vacc...

The NLC Test Accelerator (NLCTA) at SLAC is currently configured for a proof-of-principle echo-enabled harmonic generation (EEHG) experiment using an 120 MeV beam. During commissioning, unexpected coherent optical undulator radiation (CUR) and coherent optical transition radiation (COTR) was observed when beam is accelerated off-crest and compressed after the chicanes. The CUR and COTR is likel...