Two new nontrivial U(1) gauge symmetries are proposed, one based on the particle content of the standard model and the other on that of its supersymmetric generalization. Each is an unexpected first example of its kind. A third new proposal is the successful derivation of a realistic Majorana neutrino mass matrix, based on the underlying symmetry A4 and its radiative corrections.

Velvet noise is a sparse ternary pseudo-random signal containing only small portion of non-zero values. In this work, the derivation spectral properties velvet presented. particular, it shown that original white, i.e. has constant power spectrum. For variants with altered probability polarity, characteristics are analytically derived. Crushed additive to have potential in design coloured sequen...

Although the mesophotic zone of the Mediterranean Sea has been poorly investigated, there is an increasing awareness about its ecological importance for its biodiversity, as fish nursery and for the recruitment of shallow water species. Along with coastal rocky cliffs, isolated coralligenous concretions emerging from muddy bottoms are typical structures of the Mediterranean Sea mesophotic zone....

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Biological control of sandflies using entomopathogenic fungi is a possible alternative to the expensive synthetic chemical control. It is potentially sustainable, less hazardous, and relatively inexpensive and merits further investigations. The objective of this study was to identify the most pathogenic fungal isolate(s) to sandflies in the laboratory. METHODS Isolates...

Understanding how and why biological communities are organized over space and time is a major challenge and can aid biodiversity conservation in times of global changes. Herein, spatial-temporal variation in the structure of velvet ant communities was examined along a forest-savanna gradient in the Brazilian Cerrado to assess the roles of environmental filters and interspecific interactions upo...

Like all life on Earth, animals and fungi share a common ancestor, but it’s been a good 1,500,000,000 years since we parted company, and that’s been plenty of time for us to figure out different ways of going about things. Whether we’re a mildew or a marmoset, a chanterelle or a chanticleer, a toadstool or a toad, we all need to respond to the outside world by using regulatory systems that turn...

Color mimicry is often celebrated as one of the most straightforward examples of evolution by natural selection, as striking morphological similarity between species evolves in response to a shared predation pressure. Recently, a large North American mimetic complex was described that included 65 species of Dasymutilla velvet ants (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae). Beyond those 65 species, little is kn...