This paper explores the institutional factors behind the crisis of capital accumulation in South Africa in the 1970s and 1980s. Because of its focus on institutional stability, the paper contributes to the literature on the existence of an apartheid social structure of accumulation in which economic and political institutions are important determinants of investment. Investment function estimat...

A collection of 829 isolates of Providencia stuartii, mostly from urological specimens of patients in 12 hospitals, were O serotyped. Hospitals varied in serotype distribution, but most isolates (97%) fell into one or another of 14 O types of P. stuartii. One type (O63) was found in 10 hospitals, and six types (O4, O17, O25, O52, O55, O56) were found in 5 or more hospitals. These seven types we...

A multiplex PCR assay was developed which allowed the simultaneous detection of five trait genes or virulence markers in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) serotypes. A primer pair, designed to detect a single base-pair mutation in the uidA gene, is specific only for the prototypic EHEC of O157:H7 serotype and its toxigenic, non-motile variants. In a similar way, primers to the eaeA gene...

The purpose of this study is to assess how information sharing offices affect loan price and quantity in the African banking industry. The empirical evidence is based on a panel of 162 banks in 42 countries for the period 2001-2011. From the Generalised Method of Moments, public credit registries decrease loan price. With instrumental Quantile Regressions, two main findings are established. Pub...

Cooperative models of household decision-making are proving inadequate in an increasing number of contexts. We argue that altruism among family members can, in fact, inhibit cooperation by increasing the utility that players expect to receive in a non-cooperative equilibrium. To test this, we examine agricultural productivity in polygynous households in West Africa. We find that cooperation is ...

The hallmark of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) adhesion to cultured human host cells is intimate attachment and the formation of attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions. Recently, EHEC O157:H7 was shown to induce A/E lesions on human intestinal explants. Unlike EPEC, which colonized the small intestine, EHEC adhesion was restricted to follicle-associa...

Established illiquidity measures are constructed for emerging markets in Africa and used to determine which best explain trading costs. Costs of equity are derived from an augmented CAPM for a sample of emerging financial markets generally ignored in the literature. These include: South Africa and Namibia, three countries in North Africa and four in SSA, plus London and Paris as examples of int...

This paper investigates how financial, trade, institutional and political liberalization policies have affected financial efficiency in Africa. It uses updated data to appraise second generation reforms in order to gather fresh evidence and derive more updated policy implications. The ‘freedom to trade’ and ‘economic freedom’ indices are also employed. The following findings are established. (1...

Despite a growing literature documenting strong linkages between income and health, there remains little understanding of how economic factors shape disease outcomes in the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Using individual level data from nineteen sub-Saharan African countries, we show that negative income shocks can lead to substantial increases in HIV prevalence. We match data on individuals’ HIV status fr...