Introduction. “The nutcracker syndrome” occurs due to abnormal compression of the left renal vein (LRV) between superior mesenteric artery and aorta. Clinical manifestations range from hematuria, proteinuria, pain in lumbar region, sided varicocele men, pudendal varicosity women development severe anemia failure some cases progressive phlebohypertension.Materials methods. The study included 210...

BACKGROUND Nutcracker syndrome is an entity resulting from left renal vein compression by the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery, which leads to symptoms of hematuria or left flank pain. The alternative option of endovascular or extravascular stenting is very appealing because of the minimal invasive procedures. Stents in the renal vein can cause fibromuscular hyperplasia, proximal migrat...

The Nutcracker phenomenon refers to the compression of the left renal vein between the superior mesenteric artery and the aorta, and is often asymptomatic. It is not uncommon, and can be found in up to 10.9%-14% of asymptomatic adults (1, 2) and 33% of children with hematuria (3). The Nutcracker syndrome (NCS) comprises symptoms and findings such as varicocele, ovarian vein syndrome, hematuria,...

Congenital agenesis of the inferior vena cava is an uncommon congenital anomaly which can be misdiagnosed. Agenesis of the inferior vena cava has an incidence of 0.0005% to 1% in the general population [1]. The most common cause of agenesis of the inferior vena cava is the failure of embryological development between the sixth and the tenth weeks of gestation. Heterotaxy syndrome is associated ...

conclusions in addition to an appropriate clinical history, ct findings indicating decreased aortomesenteric angle and a shortened aortomesenteric distance can suggest the diagnosis for both the superior mesenteric artery syndrome and accompanying nutcracker syndrome. case presentation in this report, a patient is described presenting with epigastric pain and weight loss due to superior mesente...