We report the discovery of a single specimen of a small, terrestrial, lungless caecilian, the second known taxon of lungless caecilians. It differs from all other caecilians in lacking open external nares, and from the large aquatic lungless species described by Nussbaum & Wilkinson (Nussbaum, R. A. & Wilkinson, M. 1995 Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 261, 331-335) in having no significant skull modifica...

Bending analyses of isotropic, functionally graded, laminated composite, and sandwich beams are carried out using a quasi-3D polynomial shear and normal deformation theory. The most important feature of the proposed theory is that it considers the effects of transverse shear and transverse normal deformations. It accounts for parabolic variations in the strain/stress produced by transverse shea...

This paper investigates the observer-based adaptive stabilization control problem for a class of time-delay nonlinear systems with unknown gain using an echo state network (ESN). In order to handle functions, new recurrent neural (RNN) approximation method called ESN is utilized. It improves accuracy, reduces computing cost, and simple train. To address issue gain, Nussbaum function used, Lyapu...