Understanding mechanisms that support long-term persistence of populations and sustainability of productive fisheries is a priority in fisheries management. Complex spatial structure within populations is increasingly viewed as a result of a plastic behavioral response that can have consequences for the dynamics of a population. We incorporated spatial structure and environmental forcing into a...

BACKGROUND Oral language skills in the preschool and early school years are critical to educational success and provide the foundations for the later development of reading comprehension. METHODS In a randomized controlled trial, 180 children from 15 UK nursery schools (n = 12 from each setting; M(age) = 4;0) were randomly allocated to receive a 30-week oral language intervention or to a wait...

Guthion, a trade name for azinphos-methyl, is a restricted use organophosphate insecticide that is primarily used as a foliar application against phytophagous insect pests on fruit, field, or vegetable crops and works as both a contact insecticide and a stomach poison. In 2002, the estimated annual agricultural use of guthion had declined to about 1.2 million pounds, nearly a 50% decline from 1...

Ceratocystis wilt, caused by Ceratocystis fimbriata, has become the most important disease in eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp. and hybrids) plantations in Brazil. To further our understanding of the epidemiology of this disease, we surveyed eucalyptus plantations in the states of Minas Gerais and Bahia that were known to have Ceratocystis wilt or were thought to have been planted with infected roote...

Thirty-three social isolates were selected from four nursery school populations according to teacher ratings and behavioral samples obtained by trained Os. In a 2 X 2 factorial design, half of the children viewed a 23-min. modeling film depicting appropriate social behavior, while the other half viewed a control film. Half of the subjects in each film condition then received social reinforcemen...

Three hardwall container types, one styroblock container type, and two mesh-covered plugs were used to grow longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) seedlings at a nursery in Louisiana. In 2001, these container types, along with bare-root seedlings (from a different seed source), were outplanted on two old-field sites and two cutover sites. There were significant site by treatment interactions. Se...

Nursery Production Systems Are Complex Systems Horticultural nurseries are exceedingly complex agricultural systems, making pest and pathogen management very challenging. Compared to crop monocultures, nurseries are characterized by extreme heterogeneity in plant material. The typical agricultural row crop contains a single cultivar of a single species, grown over hundreds or even thousands of ...