Early Xenopus laevis embryogenesis is a robust system for investigating mechanisms of developmental timing. After a series of rapid cell divisions with concomitant reductions in cell size, the first major developmental transition is the midblastula transition (MBT), when zygotic transcription begins and cell cycles elongate. Whereas the maintenance of a constant nuclear-to-cytoplasmic (N/C) vol...

The purpose of this study is to define prognostic relationships between computer-derived nuclear morphological features, lymph node status, and tumor size in breast cancer. Computer-derived nuclear size, shape, and texture features were determined in fine-needle aspirates obtained at the time of diagnosis from 253 consecutive patients with invasive breast cancer. Tumor size and lymph node statu...

Background: The study was carried out to investigate the relationship between the development potential and the diameter of ovine oocytes. Materials and Methods: Ovaries collected from a local abattoir were transported to the laboratory within 1-3 h of slaughter. The oocytes from follicles (2-6 mm in diameter) were recovered by aspiration and stored in a preincubated (at 38.6 C, 5% CO2 and maxi...

BACKGROUND Nuclear genome size varies 300 000-fold, whereas transcriptome size varies merely 17-fold. In the largest genomes nearly all DNA is non-genic secondary DNA, mostly intergenic but also within introns. There is now compelling evidence that secondary DNA is functional, i.e. positively selected by organismal selection, not the purely neutral or 'selfish' outcome of mutation pressure. The...

Darwin-Foldy nuclear-size corrections in electronic atoms and nuclear radii are discussed from the nuclear-physics perspective. Interpretation of precise isotope-shift measurements is formalism dependent, and care must be exercised in interpreting these results and those obtained from relativistic electron scattering from nuclei. We strongly advocate that the entire nuclear-charge operator be u...

Darwin-Foldy nuclear-size corrections in electronic atoms and nuclear radii are discussed from the nuclear-physics perspective. Interpretation of precise isotope-shift measurements is formalism dependent, and care must be exercised in interpreting these results and those obtained from relativistic electron scattering from nuclei. We strongly advocate that the entire nuclear-charge operator be u...

Introduction: Tumor cell nuclear size is a diagnostic indicator of tumor malignancy (1, 2). A larger cell nuclear size usually corresponds to a more aggressive (high grade) tumor (3), and so measurements of nuclear size are of interest for clinical cancer diagnosis. However, at present tumor cell nuclear size can be found only by invasive biopsy. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (D...