When G has size n and g ∈ G, for any character χ of G we have χ(g)n = χ(gn) = χ(1) = 1, so the values of χ lie among the nth roots of unity in S1. More precisely, the order of χ(g) divides the order of g (which divides #G). Characters on finite abelian groups were first studied in number theory, since number theory is a source of many interesting finite abelian groups. For instance, Dirichlet u...

We give the first example of a quartically hyponormal unilateral weighted shift which is not 3-hyponormal.

In this paper, the notion of closure operators of matroids  is generalized to fuzzy setting  which is called $M$-fuzzifying closure operators, and some properties of $M$-fuzzifying closure operators are discussed. The $M$-fuzzifying matroid induced by an $M$-fuzzifying closure operator can induce an $M$-fuzzifying closure operator. Finally, the characterizations of $M$-fuzzifying acyclic matroi...

We give upper and lower bounds on the count of positive integers n x dividing the nth term of a non-degenerate linearly recurrent sequence with simple roots.

Let T=H+iK be hyponormal and Q be a strictly monotone increasing continuous function on s(H ). We define ~ Q(T ) by ~ Q(T )=Q(H )+iK. In this paper, we show that if z is an isolated eigenvalue of ~ Q(T ), then the corresponding Riesz projection is self-adjoint. Also we introduce Xia spectrum and study the existence of an invariant subspace of an operator ~ Q(T ).

We find necessary and sufficient conditions for a Banach space operator T to satisfy the generalized Browder's theorem, and we obtain new necessary and sufficient conditions to guarantee that the spectral mapping theorem holds for the B-Weyl spectrum and for polynomials in T. We also prove that the spectral mapping theorem holds for the B-Browder spectrum and for analytic functions on an open n...