BACKGROUND Obesity is a major, growing health problem. Observational studies suggest that bariatric surgery is more effective than nonsurgical therapy, but no randomized, controlled trials have confirmed this. OBJECTIVE To ascertain whether surgical therapy for obesity achieves better weight loss, health, and quality of life than nonsurgical therapy. DESIGN Randomized, controlled trial. S...

Mandibular fractures in association with the insertion of endosseous dental implants have been reported in the literature. In this clinical case report, the nonsurgical management of a mandibular fracture with the use of a bar restoration is described and a 3-year follow-up is presented. The options for nonsurgical treatment are discussed.

Surgical approach is considered to be one of the best alternatives in most cases of adult patients with class III malocclusion. Depending on the amount of skeletal discrepancy, surgical correction may consist of mandibular set-back, or maxillary advancement, or a combination of mandibular and maxillary surgery. However, if for various reasons, surgical treatment is contraindicated, orthodontic ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Volatile sulfur compounds may be the main source of oral malodor. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between periodontal parameters and volatile sulfur compounds and to evaluate the improvement of several halitosis-related outcomes by tongue scraping, nonsurgical periodontal treatment (including oral hygiene instruction) and oral hygiene instruction/c...

This article reviews nonsurgical approaches for the management of periodontal diseases. A brief review of the pathogenesis of periodontitis allows the reader to identify the potential points of intervention. Assessment of risk factors for periodontitis and the potential for risk reduction are introduced as the first part of a three-pronged approach to therapy. Antimicrobial approaches, includin...

Significant advancements in nonsurgical and surgical approaches to control bleeding in severely injured patients have also improved the treatment of critical trauma-related coagulopathy. Nonsurgical procedures such as angiographic embolization are progressively considered to terminate arterial bleeding from pelvic fractures. The disturbance of coagulation may aggravate bleeding and hamper surgi...

STUDY DESIGN A systematic review. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of different types of surgery compared with different types of nonsurgical interventions in adults with symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA LSS is a debilitating condition associated with degeneration of the spine with aging. People with LSS experience a range...

Faecal incontinence has been previously defined as ‘the involuntary or inappropriate passage of faeces’. This definition, however, is considered to be incomplete as it does not include incontinence to flatus. Therefore many adopt the term anal incontinence to include flatus. The current recommended definition of anal incontinence is the involuntary loss of flatus, liquid or solid stool that is ...

Osteoporosis is a metabolic disease that is increasing in prevalence as people live longer. Because the orthopedic surgeon is frequently the first and often the only physician to manage patients with osteoporotic hip fractures, every effort should be made to prevent future fractures. A multidisciplinary approach is essential in treatment of osteoporotic fractures. Basic treatment includes calci...