A target-based MADM method covers beneficial and non-beneficial attributes besides target values for some attributes. Such techniques are considered as the comprehensive forms of MADM approaches. Target-based MADM methods can also be used in traditional decision-making problems in which beneficial and non-beneficial attributes only exist. In many practical selection problems, some attributes ha...

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Dynamic types allow strongly typed programs to link in external code at run-time in a type safe way. Generic programming allows programmers to write code schemes that can be specialized at compiletime to arguments of arbitrary type. Both techniques have been investigated and incorporated in the pure functional programming language Clean. Because generic functions work on all types and values, t...

Given a sequence of n elements, the All Nearest Smaller Values (ANSV) problem is to nd, for each element in the sequence, the nearest element to the left (right) that is smaller, or to report that no such element exists. Time and work optimal algorithms for this problem are known on all the PRAM models 3], 5], but the running time of the best previous hypercube algorithm 6] is optimal only when...

BACKGROUND The RD(50) (exposure concentration producing a 50% respiratory rate decrease) test evaluates airborne chemicals for sensory irritation and has become an American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard method. Past studies reported good correlations (R(2)) between RD(50)s and the occupational exposure limits, particularly threshold limit values (TLVs). OBJECTIVE The main ...