Background: The pathophysiology of the varicocele has received considerable study, both in humans and in animal models. The sperm DNA damage and related oxidative stress have been identified as significant cause of male infertility. Present study was designed to evaluate the testicular nitric oxide (NO) generation, lipid and carbonyl groups (CGs) peroxidation and to analyze related sperm DNA da...

Redox-based signaling is fundamental to the capacity of bacteria to sense, and respond to, nitrosative and oxidative stress encountered in natural and host environments. The conserved RNA polymerase regulatory protein DksA is a thiol-based sensor of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species. DksA-dependent transcriptional control promotes antinitrosative and antioxidative defenses that contribute to...

Stress is a situation in which the cellular redox homoeostasis is altered because of excessive production of different reactive species eg. reactive oxygen species (ROS), reactive nitrogen species (RNS) [1]. The stress which is mediated by ROS like singlet oxygen, superoxide, H2O2 and hydroxyl radicals known as oxidative stress [2]. ROS are produced during cell cycle progression, cell different...

Introduction: The gastrointestinal system is frequently affected in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Some of these alterations are due to oxidative stress and the production of free radicals. The present study was designed to evaluate whether treatment with superoxide dismutase (SOD) exerts protection on established bowel alterations in experimental diabetes mellitus induced by streptozoto...

Generation of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in hypoxia-reperfusion injury may form a cytotoxic metabolite, peroxynitrite, which is capable of causing lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. This study was designed to examine the contribution of oxidative and nitrosative stress to the renal damage in ischemic acute renal failure (iARF). iARF was initiated in rats by 45-min renal artery cla...

Aldosterone is traditionally viewed as a hormone regulating electrolyte and blood pressure homeostasis. Recent studies suggest that Aldo can cause microvascular damage, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. However, its exact cellular mechanisms remain obscure. This study was undertaken to examine the effect of Aldo on superoxide production in human umbilical artery endothelial cel...

Malignant mesothelioma (MM), linked to asbestos exposure, is a highly lethal form of thoracic cancer with a long latency period, high mortality and poor treatment options. Chronic inflammation and oxidative tissue damage caused by asbestos fibers are linked to MM development. Flaxseed lignans, enriched in secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cancer che...

Okinawa prefecture in Japan is a distinct area characterized by unique traditional food habits and longevity. Prolonged exposure to activated leukocytes, playing pivotal roles in chronic inflammation-associated carcinogenesis, is known to lead to oxidative and nitrosative damage to macromolecules in the body since they are primary sources of free radicals, such as superoxide anion (O(2)(-)) and...

OBJECTIVE This research reports the expression of topoisomerase βII in fetal sheep neuronal cells. The β isoform of DNA topoisomerase II plays a role in DNA repair process in non proliferating cells as neurons and its expression tends to be downregulated with senescence. METHODS Cortical neurons from 60-day-old sheep embryos underwent two protocols: the former based on rising time of culture ...

Introduction The aim was to determine the mitochondrial content, oxidative and nitrosative status in placentas from pregnant women who delivery newborns with alteration of intrauterine growth. Material methods Placentas were selected because classified as small for gestational age (SGA, lowest 10th percentile; n = 9), appropriate (AGA; 9) large (LGA, tallest 90th 9). In placenta tissue status, ...