Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is engaged in the modulation of the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system activity. Effects of repeated intravenously injections of TRH in a dose of 100 ng/100 g b.w. on vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT) biosynthesis and release from the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system was investigated in rats in different age (1-, 3- or 7-months of the life). To estimate ...

The heart of Bathynomus doederleini gives rise to an anterior median artery (AMA), one pair of anterior lateral arteries (ALAs) and five pairs of lateral arteries (LAs). Cardioarterial valves are located at the junctions between the heart and arteries, each composed of a pair of muscular flaps. All valves of the AMA and the ALAs receive valve excitatory (constrictor) nerves (VEs). The valves of...

The genome of the sheep scab mite, Psoroptes ovis, was analysed for presence neuropeptide and neurohormone precursors their G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Many these showed significant similarities to those known or predicted from other Acaridae also insect species. Similarities orthologous Ovis aries, host P. were evaluated. roles neuropeptides neurohormones in control behavioural physio...

Brain injuries can interrupt descending neural pathways that convey motor commands from the cortex to spinal motoneurons. Here, we demonstrate a unilateral injury of hindlimb sensorimotor rats with completely transected thoracic cord produces postural asymmetry contralateral flexion and asymmetric withdrawal reflexes within 3 hr, as well in gene expression patterns lumbar cord. The injury-induc...

Few data exist on the temporal relationship between catecholamines and muscle force production in vivo. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of preexercise arousal on sympathoadrenal neurohormones on muscular force expression during resistance exercise. Ten resistance-trained men completed two experimental conditions separated by 7 days: 1) acute heavy resistance exercise prot...

The relationship between two cardioactive neuropeptides, the cardioacceleratory peptides (CAPs), and changes in heart rate during flight was investigated in the tobacco hawkmoth, Manduca sexta. In vivo heart recordings from intact, tethered adults revealed a marked increase in heart rate associated with flying. Both anterior-to-posterior and posterior-to-anterior contraction waves showed a meas...

Due to the new findings on melatonin actions in the body, and the availability of melatonin analogs, the interest in the clinical applications of the neurohormone is increasing. The recent authorization of melatonin as a drug for insomnia treatment by the European Medicines Agency does it necessary to improve our knowledge regarding the melatonin synthesis, regulation, and actions in the brain....

Aplysia egg laying is a complex behavior requiring synchronized activity in many organs. Aspects of the behavior are synchronized via the direct effects of peptide bag cell neurohormones and via stimuli arising during the behavior. Stimuli synchronizing egg laying were examined by treating A. fasciata with a nitric oxide (NO) donor. NO elicited normal appetitive and consummatory behaviors leadi...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether patients with cavopulmonary connection have higher levels of vasoactive/water-salt regulating hormones and if so, whether hormone levels are related to postoperative haemodynamics and postoperative follow up. DESIGN Cross sectional study. SETTING University hospital. PATIENTS 20 patients (New York Heart Association functional class I-II), mean age 11 years (...

Neurohormones diffuse in sweat and epidermis leading skin bacterial microflora to be largely exposed to these host factors. Bacteria can sense a multitude of neurohormones, but their role in skin homeostasis was only investigated recently. The first study focused on substance P (SP), a neuropeptide produced in abundance by skin nerve terminals. SP is without effect on the growth of Gram-positiv...