We review an on-chip approach for spontaneous Raman spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy based on evanescent excitation of the analyte as well as evanescent collection of the Raman signal using complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible single mode waveguides. The signal is either directly collected from the analyte molecules or via plasmonic nanoantennas integrat...

A method for the determination of trace amounts of off-fl avor compounds such as 2-methyl isoborneol (MIB), geosmin and 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (TCA) in drinking water is described based on dynamic headspace coupled to selectable onedimensional or two-dimensional gas chromatography mass spectrometry with simultaneous olfactory detection (DHS1D/2D GC-O/MS). Automated DHS using a Tenax TA packed t...

This paper aims at the study of Pt electrode ability to act as working electrode in cyclic voltammetric sulphite assay. The analytical signal is represented by the intensity measured for the voltammetric peak, that corresponds to analyte anodic oxidation. The measured peak intensity depends linearly on sulphite concentration within the range 0.031 g/L – 4 g/L. The assay is characterized by a li...

The desire to detect and identify trace amounts of airborne analytes, including combustible or toxic gases, small molecules, particles, viruses or bacteria with ever increasing sensitivity and selectivity continues to be one of the main drivers in sensor research. [ 1–3 ] While the variety of sensing principles continues to grow, most principles share a common feature which is the requirement t...

A newly developed multivariate method involving net analyte preprocessing (NAP) was tested using central composite calibration designs of progressively decreasing size regarding the multivariate simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of three active components (phenylephrine, diphenhydramine and naphazoline) and one excipient (methylparaben) in nasal solutions. Its performance was evalua...

Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) was used to determine the effect of ambient probe incidence angle on the amount and direction of analyte molecules transported from the sample surface for desorption electrospray ionization (DESI). Incidence angle was critical to both the lateral dispersion and vertical take-off angles of analyte molecules desorbed from the surface; as t...

Manufacturers and users of medical diagnostic devices are provided a statistical decision tool for investigating a claimed minimal detectable concentration (MDC). The MDC is defined by setting two respective probabilities: that the blank sample being analyzed is determined to have analyte and that the device fails to determine a low concentration of analyte at the MDC. The statistical procedure...

Microelectrode amperometric biosensors are widely used to measure concentrations of analytes in solution and tissue including acetylcholine, adenosine, glucose, and glutamate. A great deal of experimental and modeling effort has been directed at quantifying the response of the biosensors themselves; however, the influence that the macroscopic tissue environment has on biosensor response has not...

Generic simple and sensitive universal enzyme immunoassay approach for the determination of small analytes has been developed to avert the problems associated with small molecule immobilization onto solid phases. The developed assay employed a heterogeneous non-competitive binding format. The assay used anti-analyte antibody coupled to polyacrylamide beads as a solid-phase and beta-d-galactosid...