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background and objectives: ferula assa-foetida (asafoetida) is a native iranian species which grows in different regions and climates in iran. the plant is well known in iranian traditional medicine as well as folk medicine for treatment of diseases. several studies have been carried out on the essential oil of this species collected from different areas of iran. this study is the first report ...

Residential land-use expansion, an important component of urban sprawl, has a variety of drivers and environmental implications. The goal of this article is to address the timing, location, and mechanisms of different types of residential development. Using 10 land-parcel data and aerial imagery taken between 1950 and 2000 for eight townships in southeastern Michigan, we sampled and classified ...

The Great Lakes Geographer, Vol. 8, No. 1, 2001 41 Prior to the 1990s, Union Township, located near the geographic center of Michigan’s Lower Peninsula (Figure 1), was experiencing predictable, if unspectacular growth. That began to change when several championship golf courses opened, along with the Soaring Eagle Casino. New service industries such as restaurants, hotels, and gas stations open...

An epidemiological survey of clonorchiasis was conducted at Panqiao township of Yangxin County of Hubei Province from June to November, 1993. The positive rate of cercaria in the body of intermediate hosts, Parafossarulus stratulus and Alocinma longicornis was 12.25% and 3.84% respectively. Positive rates of metacercariae in the bodies of Pseudonaphona parva was 48.15%, Ctenopharyngodon idellus...

This paper investigates the relationship between the Lagos Megacity and Ota Township, a small township onits periphery. The study examines linkages between and Lagos in terms of growth, urban development as well as mobility. 553 questionnaires were administered to household heads across the 12 residential districts of Ota Township. Survey was carried out by systematic random sampling. Classifie...

Small, Medium, and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) are the key players in township tourism sector, which contributes substantially to growth of economy South Africa. Township SMMEs critical uplifting rural economies. However, they remain marginalized continue struggle be sustainable. The following paper explains how much use stay aims identify involved tourism. also establish factors influencing sust...

Objective: This study carried out to monitor the status of nutritional management and measuring difference between present and desired feeding system in dairy cattle of rural conditions of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari. Methods: 334 rural flocks consisting of 1442 dairy cows were selected from seven towns of this province. The experiment was lasted for in a year and using completely randomized desi...

Recently, the spatial contradiction in rural construction has intensified. Production–living–ecological (PLE) spaces, as important load-bearing patterns of revitalization, have become a research focus territorial space planning. Because lack studies on scale and accuracy at township level PLE objective this study is to quantify subfunctional functional areas weigh relationship between functions...