BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different delivery circuit configurations, nebulizer positions, CPAP levels, and gas flow on the amount of aerosol bronchodilator delivered during simulated spontaneous breathing in an in vitro model. METHODS A pneumatic lung simulator was connected to 5 different circuits for aerosol delivery, 2 delivering CPAP through a high...

To the Editor: In the recent paper by El Taoum and associates,1 an in vitro comparison of aerosol dose delivery using jet and vibrating mesh nebulizers with a variety of nasal interface devices in pediatric patient models was presented. The results of this study demonstrated that the jet nebulizer was more efficient than the vibrating mesh nebulizer across all of the nasal interface devices tes...

BACKGROUND Infants and young children are obligate nose breathers; therefore, a transnasal route seems the logical delivery method of inhaled aerosols. The efficiency of aerosol delivery depends on several factors, such as interface, type of nebulizer, and patient age and breathing pattern. We hypothesized that the use of a vibrating mesh nebulizer, a tight-fitting face mask, and a head model a...

In this article, inductively coupled plasma mass-spectrometry (ICP-MS) and optical-emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) were used for the development of an analytical procedure analysis waste Sm-Co magnets. Experimental parameters related to microwave digestion processes acid concentrations optimized. Microwave was carried out in mixtures HF, HCl, HNO3 H2SO4. The complete dissolution samples occurre...

BACKGROUND The particle distribution might differ between nebulizer therapy and metered-dose inhaler (MDI) or dry powder inhaler (DPI) therapy because the particles repeatedly enter/re-enter the airways with the nebulizer. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) were administered with a nebulizer to assess the benefit of changes in the distribution of particles in patients with cough variant asthma (CVA)...

Bronchodilator responses to both nebulized albuterol (salbutamol) and ipratropium bromide and aerosol delivery to the tracheobronchial tree have been assessed in eight patients with chronic stable asthma (mean baseline FEV1, 50 percent; reversibility greater than 20 percent). Two commercially available nebulizer systems were used, namely, a Turret nebulizer operated at a compressed gas flow rat...

OBJECTIVE In children with mild acute asthma, to compare treatment with a single dose of albuterol delivered by a metered dose inhaler (MDI) with a spacer in either a weight-adjusted high dose or a standard low-dose regimen with delivery by a nebulizer. STUDY DESIGN In this randomized double-blind trial set in an emergency department, 90 children between 5 and 17 years of age with a baseline ...

Standardization of the solute output from the Wright nebulizer is necessary in nonspecific bronchial challenge to obtain reproducible results. Airflow and driving pressure are known determinants of the output. In an epidemiological study, in which day-to-day variations in room temperature occurred, we found the reproducibility of the output from a Wright nebulizer to be outside the range of acc...

The following therapies may be considered medically necessary for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH/ WHO Group 1):  ambrisentan (LETAIRIS®) oral;  bosentan (TRACLEER®) oral;  epoprostenol sodium (e.g., FLOLAN®) continuous IV infusion;  Iloprost (VENTAVIS®) Inhalation via nebulizer;  macitentan (OPSUMIT®) oral;  riociguat (ADEMPAS®) oral;  sildenafil citrate (e.g., REV...