Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are natural, ubiquitous substances in marine environments; they consist of two or more benzene rings fused in various arrangements. A range of biological effects has been demonstrated for these compounds, including acute toxicity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, teratogenicity and endocrine disrupting activity (Takeuchi et al., 2009). There are two types o...

Large amounts of global sources of remote natural reserves gas are identified along with the main objective to allow energy contained in to be moved economically to the market. The current options that are adopted to export natural gas are basically two:1. To liquefy the gas and ship it as LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas). 2. To convert it to bulk petrochemicals in particular methanol or ammonia and...

Carvões ativados (CA) são caracterizados por elevadas áreas superficiais específicas e elevados volumes de poros. Os principais processos de obtenção destes materiais consistem na ativação de precursores com elevado teor de carbono, como por exemplo, o coque de petróleo (CP). Neste trabalho CP foi ativado quimicamente com hidróxido de potássio (KOH). O produto foi caracterizado por meio de adso...

mercaptans are commonly present in petroleum products. their foul odor and highly corrosive nature make them the most undesirable sulfur compounds so they should be removed because of environmental issues. merox process is used for oxidation of mercaptans to disulfide using air in the presence of alkaline solution and merox catalyst. in this paper, due to lack of information about the kinetic o...

Kerosene is the colorless liquid and slightly heavier than gasoline thatspecific odor removes after evaporation. Soil and underground water source arecontaminated with different pollutants such as petroleum hydrocarbons. These pollutantshave various negative environmental effects on soil and surrounding environment. Theaim of this research is to understand the effect of kerosene pollution on tw...

Kerosene is the colorless liquid and slightly heavier than gasoline thatspecific odor removes after evaporation. Soil and underground water source arecontaminated with different pollutants such as petroleum hydrocarbons. These pollutantshave various negative environmental effects on soil and surrounding environment. Theaim of this research is to understand the effect of kerosene pollution on tw...

The Gas to Gasoline (GTG) process includes conversion of natural, flare, and associated gas into synthetic fuels that can be compositionally upgraded and adjusted into different useful hydrocarbon fuels including gasoline, liquid petroleum gas (LPG), and fuel gas. Commonly, the GTG process involves three stages: 1) Synthesis gas (syngas) production unit 2) Methanol production unit 3) Methanol t...