A successful synthetic tissue engineering scaffold requires a hierarchical internal structure with interconnecting pores for nutrition transportation, cell infiltration and vascularization as well as nanoscale surface features favorable for cell attachment and long-term functions. However, traditionally, fabricating macro-scale scaffolds in a defined manner from nano-scale constituents has prov...

Based on a previously developed polyamide proton conductive macromolecule, the nano-scale structure of the self-assembled proton conductive channels (PCCs) is adjusted via enlarging the nano-scale pore size within the macromolecules. Hyperbranched polyamide macromolecules with different size are synthesized from different monomers to tune the nano-scale pore size within the macromolecules, and ...

Angled nano-scale tunnels with high aspect ratio were fabricated on poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) using a focused ion beam (FIB). The fabrication parameters such as ion fluence, incidence angle, and acceleration voltage of the Ga(+) ion beam were first studied on the PMMA surface to explore the formation of the nano-scale configurations such as nano-holes and cones with diameter in the range...

To facilitate locomotion and support the body, the skeleton relies on the transmission of forces between muscles and bones through complex junctions called entheses. The varying mechanical and biological properties of the enthesis make healing this avascular tissue difficult; hence the need for an engineered alternative. Cells in situ interact with their environment on the nano-scale which sugg...

In this paper, Eringen’s nonlocal elasticity and Timoshenko beam theories are implemented to analyze the bending vibration for non-uniform nano-beams.  The governing equations and the boundary conditions are derived using Hamilton’s principle. A Generalized Differential Quadrature Method (GDQM) is utilized for solving the governing equations of non-uniform Timoshenko nano-beam for pinned-pinned...

Future technologies required nano-scale CMOS memory to be operating in low power consumption. The minimum operating voltage of the nano-scale CMOS played as a main factor to reduce the power consumption. Consequently, there are some limitations and obstacles to achieve the objective for several design, material and novel structural solutions, which are promising and reliable. In this research, ...

Two and three dimensional polymeric structures at the nano and micro scale are increasingly being incorporated into micro and nano scale devices. Soft lithography can be employed for the creation of templates where a polymer replica can be produced. Obtaining a master is one of the limiting factors in the production of such replicas. This study demonstrates pattern generation on a highly durabl...

Nanoparticles and nanotechnology have been applied in agriculture, including for plant nutrition improvement, and pest control. Little research has been conducted on nano-calcium carbonate in plant protection and nutrition. In this study, we compared the effects of nano-calcium carbonate and colloidal calcium carbonate and found that nano-calcium carbonate treatments were better at increasing c...

the electronic conductance at zero temperature through a quantum wire with side-connected asymmetric quantum ring (as a scatter system) is theoretically studied using the non-interacting hamiltonian anderson tunneling method. in this paper we concentrate on the configuration of the quantum dot rings. we show that the asymmetric structure of qd-scatter system strongly influences the amplitude an...