BACKGROUND The urinary composition, including sodium (Na(+)) and chloride (Cl(-)) concentrations, might provide useful information in addition to urine output during decongestive treatment in heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS Consecutive patients with heart failure (n=61), ejection fraction ≤45%, worsening symptoms, and scheduled treatment with intravenous loop diuretics were included. Patie...

Increased aldosterone levels with consequent or diuretic-potentiated electrolyte abnormalities are an important consideration when patients with cirrhosis and ascites undergo diuresis. A simple clinical method using the urinary Na/K ratio as a guide to spironolactone dosage is outlined. Patients with a ratio greater than 1 responded well to 100 mg. of spironolactone a day; those when it was one...

The interactions of Mg and K in cardiovascular disease are diverse and complex. However, Mg deficiency and loss from the heart and arteries, caused e.g. by dietary deficiency or imbalance, or by diseases and their treatment, can contribute to cardiovascular damage, and to functional abnormalities. Although Mg deficiency interferes with K retention, it is seldom measured in routine clinical prac...

The fruit of the cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum (Solanaceae)) was analysed for mineral and antinutrient composition. Phosphorus (33.04 ± 0.21 mg/100g) was the most abundant mineral in the fruit, followed by calcium (32.04 ± 0.06 mg/100 g), and potassium (11.9 ± 0.1 mg/100 g) and manganese (9.55 ± 0.28 mg/100 g) were also present in appreciable quantities. Antinutrients, including phytat...

Na transport across a preparation of sheep omasum was studied. All tissues exhibited a serosa-positive short-circuit current ( I sc), with a range of 1-4 μeq ⋅ h-1 ⋅ cm-2. A Michaelis-Menten-type kinetic was found between the Na concentration and the I sc(Michaelis-Menten constant for transport of Na = 6.7 mM; maximal transport capacity of Na = 4.16 μeq ⋅ h-1 ⋅ cm-2). Mucosal amiloride (1 mM), ...

Salinity is a major limitation ecological factor for plant development in arid and semi-arid regions. The ionic imbalance, deficiency of nutrients and degradation of plant metabolites are caused by saline conditions, are affected by the reduction ratio of potassium (K) then sodium (Na). In this research foliar applications of humic acid (HA) for improve the absorption of K under salt stress was...

This study was carried out in the Middle Governorate of Gaza Strip, Palestine. The coastal aquifer is the main source of water for domestic, agricultural, and industrial purposes in the study area. During the last three decades the aquifer has deteriorated to a high degree in the quality and quantity due to the over-pumping and the encroachment of seawater.  Hydrogeochemical analysis for ground...