Lymphatic filariasis is a tropical disease caused by the nematode parasites Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi. Whereas the protective potential of T lymphocytes in filarial infection is well documented, investigation of the role of B lymphocytes in antifilarial immunity has been neglected. In this communication, we examine the role of B lymphocytes in antifilarial immunity, using Brugia pa...

Many chronic infections, including malaria and HIV, are associated with a large expansion of CD21-CD27- 'atypical' memory B cells (MBCs) that exhibit reduced B cell receptor (BCR) signaling and effector functions. Little is known about the conditions or transcriptional regulators driving atypical MBC differentiation. Here we show that atypical MBCs in malaria-exposed individuals highly express ...

It is well known that transfer of CD4+CD45RBhigh (naïve) T cells into syngeneic lymphocyte-deficient mice induces chronic colitis. However, no studies have reported the presence of small bowel inflammation in this T cell-dependent model. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate and compare small and large bowel inflammation induced by transfer of naïve T cells into two different i...

Hepatic resistance to Leishmania donovani infection in mice is associated with the development of granulomas, in which a variety of lymphoid and non-lymphoid populations accumulate. Although previous studies have identified B cells in hepatic granulomas and functional studies in B cell-deficient mice have suggested a role for B cells in the control of experimental visceral leishmaniasis, little...

We evaluated the effect of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) treatment on B-cell memory and cytokine production in 18 patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) using peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained prior to and at 6 months post-DMF initiation. We noted a decline in the absolute B-cell number with DMF treatment, with a preferential depletion of memory B cells and a concurrent...

Humanized mice represent a valuable model system to study the development and functionality of the human immune system. In the RAG-hu mouse model highly immunodeficient Rag2(-/-)γc(-/-) mice are transplanted with human CD34(+) hematopoietic stem cells, resulting in human hematopoiesis and a predominant production of B and T lymphocytes. Human adaptive immune responses have been detected towards...

Humans are frequently exposed to various airborne allergens. In addition to producing antibodies, B cells participate in immune responses via various mechanisms. The roles of B cells in allergic airway inflammation and asthma have been controversial. We examined the functional importance of B cells in a mouse model of asthma, in which mice were exposed repeatedly to common airborne allergens. N...

Abstract B lymphocytes are adaptive immune cells responsible for the production of antigen specific antibodies and release pro- anti-inflammatory cytokines. Pro-inflammatory cells, often termed atypical (at cell) a heterogenous population associated with aging, infection, autoimmunity. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is ligand-activated transcription factor important xenobiotic metabolism. Howe...

Abstract Background and Aims Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by a shift to senescent B cells, namely, switched memory (SM) (CD19+IgD-CD27+) exhausted-double negative (DN) (CD19+IgD-CD27-) subtypes. The aim of this study was evaluate the impact T cell immunity in distinct - pattern SLE. Method A wide range exhaustion related lymphocyte surface molecules, including CD45RA, CCR...

Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 2 (TNFR2) expression is increasingly being linked to tolerogenic immune reactions and cells with suppressor function including a subset of T-regulatory cells. B-regulatory play an important role in control T-cell responses inflammation. Recently, we described TNFR2 as marker for IL-10-producing B cells, hallmark this cell subset. Here, demonstrate that proliferati...