Local governments attempting to respond to environmental change face an array of challenges. To better understand policy responses and factors influencing local government capacity to respond to environmental change, we studied three environmental issues affecting rural or peri-urban towns in different regions of New York State: climate change in the Adirondacks (n = 63 towns), loss of open spa...

Designing attribute-based systems supporting highly expressive access policies has been one of the principal focus of research in attribute-based cryptography. While attribute-based encryption (ABE) enables fine-grained access control over encrypted data in a multi-user environment, attribute-based signature (ABS) provides a powerful tool for preserving signer anonymity. Attributebased signcryp...

We present online nested expectation maximization for model-free reinforcement learning in a POMDP. The algorithm evaluates the policy only in the current learning episode, discarding the episode after the evaluation and memorizing the sufficient statistic, from which the policy is computed in closedform. As a result, the online algorithm has a time complexity O ( n ) and a memory complexity O(...

1 2 4 A N N A L S O F E M E R G E N C Y M E D I C I N E 4 2 : 1 J U L Y 2 0 0 3 Policy statements and clinical policies are the official policies of the American College of Emergency Physicians and, as such, are not subject to the same peer review process as articles appearing in the journal. Policy statements and clinical policies of ACEP do not necessarily reflect the policies and beliefs of ...

5 3 0 A N N A L S O F E M E R G E N C Y M E D I C I N E 4 2 : 4 O C T O B E R 2 0 0 3 Policy statements and clinical policies are the official policies of the American College of Emergency Physicians and, as such, are not subject to the same peer review process as articles appearing in the journal. Policy statements and clinical policies of ACEP do not necessarily reflect the policies and belie...