Extramuscular connective tissue and muscular fascia have been suggested to form a myo-fascial pathway for transmission of forces over a joint that is additional to the generally accepted myo-tendinous pathway. The consequences of myo-fascial force transmission for the outcome of conventional muscle tendon transfer surgery has not been studied as yet. To test the hypothesis that surgical dissect...

Hyaluronan (HA) is a high molecular weight glycosaminoglycan of the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is particularly abundant in soft connective tissues. Solutions of HA can be highly viscous with non-Newtonian flow properties. These properties affect the movement of HA-containing fluid layers within and underlying the deep fascia. Changes in the concentration, molecular weight, or even covale...

Loss of abduction power is a common problem after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and may lead to severe limp and instability. A surgical reconstruction technique using a gluteus maximus flap transfer was developed to repair deficient abductor muscles and capsule. The gluteus maximus muscle was split as in a posterior approach to the hip, and the anterior portion of the muscle was elevated as a fl...

Variations in the hamstring muscles are not common. We describe here a rare anomalous muscle in the popliteal fossa and speculate on its functional significance. During routine dissections for undergraduate students over the past 15 y, 300 lower limbs from 150 cadavers of both sexes have been examined for muscle variations as well as for anomalies of the vessels and nerves in the popliteal regi...

BACKGROUND Development of hip adductor, tensor fascia lata, and rectus femoris muscle contractures following total hip arthroplasties are quite common, with some patients failing to improve despite treatment with a variety of non-operative modalities. The purpose of the present study was to describe the use of and patient outcomes of botulinum toxin injections as an adjunctive treatment for mus...

Physical activity is vital for the prevention of sarcopenia and frailty. The training effects of recreational golf on muscle function in older people are unknown. The present study examined quadriceps muscle and subcutaneous fat thickness in 66 older females. Thirty-one golfers (mean age 69.1 years, standard deviation ±3.4) were compared with 35 less active non-golfers (73.4 ± 4.2 years). Image...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to determine if the use of fascia lata as a tendon regeneration guide (placed into the tendon canal following harvesting the semitendinosus tendon) would improve the incidence of tissue regeneration and prevent fatty degeneration of the semitendinosus muscle. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bilateral semitendinosus tendons were harvested from rabbits using a t...