Nowadays, most oilfields have entered the high water cut stage of waterflood development. The importance oil–water separation technology becomes more obvious. Gravity is one commonly used treatment techniques for produced fluid. gravitational separator has a large processing capacity and wide application range, but its structure relatively simple efficiency gradually falls behind to meet curren...

Equations describing the radiation characteristics of a rigid disk in a finite open baffle are derived using a method similar to that used by Streng for a circular membrane based upon the dipole part of the Kirchhoff–Helmholtz boundary integral formula. In this case, however, a power series solution to the radiation integral is derived in order to eliminate the need for numerical integration. H...

Forty-nine patients with transposition of the great arteries who underwent a Mustard atrial baffle repair between 1964 and 1971 were assessed late postoperatively. There have been five late deaths: two related to baffle obstruction, two from noncardiac causes, and one sudden and unexpected. Hemodynamic data were available in 42 patients and autopsy in four. Obstruction of the lower venous chann...

We present a case of a complicated lead extraction and reimplantation of an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) in a young woman with complete transposition of great arteries (CTGA), a cyanotic congenital heart defect in which the aorta and the pulmonary trunk are transposed. The malformation results in two parallel circulations, whereby the left ventricle is attached to the pulmonary ...

The effect of γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles on heat transfer rate, baffle spacing and pressure drop in the shell side of small shell and tube heat exchangers was investigated numerically under turbulent regime. γ-Al2O3-water nanofluids and pure water were used in the shell side and the tube side of heat exchangers, respectively. Since the properties of γ-Al2O3-water nanofluids were variable, they were ...

The paper studies optimization of shell-and-tube heat exchangers using the particle swarm optimization technique. A total cost function is formulated based on initial and annual operating costs of the heat exchangers. Six variables – shell inside diameter, tube diameter, baffle spacing, baffle cut, number of tube passes and tube layouts (triangular or square) – are considered as the design para...

Sound reflections from most finite surfaces, such as overhead reflector panels, include a component known as edge diffraction. Edge diffraction is the scattered energy required to maintain a continuous sound field despite the discontinuity in acoustical impedance presented by the scatterer. Edge diffraction can interfere with primary scattered energy to produce comb filtering at receiver locati...

The pressure conditions in insulation vacuum systems of superconducting accelerator rings or nuclear research plants is often controlled and monitored by cold-cathode gauges (hereafter CCGs). However, due to high outgassing rates of the super insulation material foils (MLI) normally used for thermal insulation, the residual gas atmosphere is dominated by high portions of hydrocarbons. If a CCG ...

abstract accurate water measurement and delivery are basic issues in irrigation networks management and performance. in this regard, baffle modules have been considered as appropriate means for delivering almost constant discharge within a specific range of upstream water variation. the structure is meant for low discharge delivery and could be employed in farm irrigation. however, the design c...

Pulsed Doppler evaluation of pulmonary venous flow was performed in three groups of patients who had undergone either a Mustard or Senning procedure. Group I consisted of 43 patients in sinus rhythm who had undergone the Mustard procedure 9 months or more before the Doppler examination and 16 who were evaluated immediately after surgery. Group II consisted of 12 patients in sinus rhythm who had...