In this article, multiple-product PVRP with pickup and delivery that is used widely in goods distribution or other service companies, especially by railways, was introduced. A mathematical formulation was provided for this problem. Each product had a set of vehicles which could carry the product and pickup and delivery could simultaneously occur. To solve the problem, two meta-heuristic methods...

Software variability management is a key challenge in developing software product lines and deriving products from the product line. In order to provide effective variability management and product derivation in software product lines, which is capable of being automated, certain fundamental building blocks are required. These include multiple product line views, the feature model as the unifyi...

today, many companies have multiple channels, such as sales force, direct mail / catalog, internet and broadcast channels, telephone, etc. for providing goods and services to its customers. multiple distribution channels, despite having benefits, several challenges such as the incidence of conflict, allocation of product, free ride some members have being emerged. the aim of this study was to i...