Multiple Myeloma usually presents with end organ damage like bone symptoms such as pain, pathologic fracture, renal dysfunction, chronic fatigue from anemia or symptoms of hypercalcemia. Although frequently associated with venous thromboembolisms, the presentation of multiple myeloma with pulmonary embolism as its initial manifestation is extremely rare. We report the case of a 60 y/o Hispanic ...

Background and aims: There are different causes for brain death including head trauma, cerebrovascular accidents and intracranial space-occupying lesions. The present study was aimed to determine the causes of brain death in Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari province due to high turnover of trauma in this area during 2003 to 2013...

OBJECTIVE To determine the annual direct, indirect and total costs and predictors of costs in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS One hundred and five patients with SLE completed questionnaires on health-care utilization and employment history. Predictors of costs were determined by multiple regression analyses using direct, indirect and total costs as outcome variables....

background: toxocariasis is a prevalent zoonosis disease caused by the closely related nematode species toxocara canis and toxocara cati which parasitise canidae and felidae respectively. in paratenic hosts, larvae of these worms cause multiple organ damage. however, how these paratenic hosts response to these worms and whether any common biomarker can be applied for diagnosis are still unclear...

OBJECTIVE To review the role of secretory phospholipase A2 in the pathogenesis of multiple organ failure in the critically ill patient. DATA SOURCES Relevant articles and published reviews on secretory phospholipase A2 in critical illness. SUMMARY OF REVIEW Secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) has an important role in inflammation and in antimicrobial defence. However, excessive activity of s...

Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome is a multisystem disease with peripheral blood eosinophilia of at least 6 months duration, multiple organ system involvement, and no evidence for other known causes of eosinophilia. It is characteristically a disease of middle-aged men, often has a poor prognosis and is seldom found during childhood. Heart dicsease, characterized by endomyocardial fibrosis ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW A combination of systemic autoimmunity and tissue response to immune injury underlie renal involvement in lupus erythematosus. In this review, we discuss recent literature investigating pathogenetic mechanisms of lupus glomerulonephritis. RECENT FINDINGS In lupus glomerulonephritis, glomerular immune complexes were believed to be the primary mediators of renal disease. Recen...

Immediate and early trauma deaths are determined by primary brain injuries, or significant blood loss (haemorrhagic shock), while late mortality is caused by secondary brain injuries and host defence failure. First hits (hypoxia, hypotension, organ and soft tissue injuries, fractures), as well as second hits (e.g. ischaemia/reperfusion injuries, compartment syndromes, operative interventions, i...

Acute lung injury (ALI) or its severe form, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an important cause of mortality in the human population. Despite significant advances made, the mortality associated with ALI remains unchanged. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the role of oxidative stress, alveolar antioxidant status and multiple organ injury in ARDS induced by lipopoly...