In this paper, a multilevel successive iteration method for solving nonlinear elliptic problems is proposed by combining a multilevel linearization technique and the cascadic multigrid approach. The error analysis and the complexity analysis for the proposed method are carried out based on the two-grid theory and its multilevel extension. A superconvergence result for the multilevel linearizati...

Objective: To examine the association of income inequality at the public health unit level with individual health status in Ontario. Methods: Cross-sectional multilevel study carried out among subjects aged 25 years or older residing in 42 public health units in Ontario. Individual-level data drawn from 30,939 respondents in 1996-97 Ontario Health Survey. Median area income and income inequalit...

This paper considers the use of the freeware package XLISP-STAT (Tierney, 1990) and the add-on package ARC (Cook and Weisberg, 1999) to explore multilevel data structures before more formal modelling. Exploratory data analysis (Chatfield, 1988) is regarded as an essential before further analysis. XLISPSTAT is highly interactive and with ARC can be used to investigate multilevel structures graph...

Age estimation has many useful applications, such as age-based face classification, finding lost children, surveillance monitoring, and face recognition invariant to age progression. Among many factors affecting age estimation accuracy, gender and facial expression can have negative effects. In our research, the effects of gender and facial expression on age estimation using support vector regr...

Drawing on social identity theory, the present study investigated the utility of conceptualizing and measuring identification in terms of the congruency between different identification targets. Participants were 189 employees from a large metropolitan hospital (104 male and 82 female). The results of a series of hierarchical regression analyses showed that the measures of identification congru...

This study investigates the roles that innate psychological needs and student satisfaction have on doctoral student motivation. A total of 125 doctoral students completed surveys that included how autonomous, competent, satisfied with their program, and motivated they felt. Information about their sense of relatedness to their advisor was also collected. Autonomy was defined as the freedom to d...

ICT clusters have attracted much attention because of their rapid growth and their value to other economic activities. We examine the drivers of ICT activity in 227 cities across 22 European countries. We examine the national business environment along with city-level factors to identify important factors which influence ICT clustering. We address interdependencies at different levels using a n...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to investigate associations between contextual characteristics and unmet healthcare needs in South Korea after accounting for individual factors. METHODS The present study used data from the 2012 Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS) of 228 902 adults residing within 253 municipal districts in South Korea. A multilevel analysis was conducted to invest...

In two studies, the authors investigated the associations between interpersonal forgiveness and psychological well-being. Cross-sectional and prospective multilevel analyses demonstrated that increases in forgiveness (measured as fluctuations in individuals' avoidance, revenge, and benevolence motivations toward their transgressors) were related to within-persons increases in psychological well...