Abstract. Atmospheric organic acids (OAs) are expected to enhance methanesulfonic acid (MSA)-driven new particle formation (NPF). However, the exact role of OAs in MSA-driven NPF remains unclear. Here, we employed a two-step strategy probe MSA–methylamine (MA) NPF. Initially, evaluated enhancing potential 12 commonly detected ternary MA–MSA–OA cluster by considering free energies (MSA)1(MA)1(OA...

Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a sporadic, adult-onset disease characterized by progressive degeneration of nervous systems including cerebellar, pyramidal, extrapyramidal, and autonomic system. Although a few recent studies reported that cognitive impairments could occur in patients with MSA, prominent dementia with progressive decline is not a typical clinical manifestation of MSA. In parti...

The diagnosis of myocarditis traditionally relies on invasive endomyocardial biopsy but none of the imaging studies so far are specific for infiltration of the inflammatory cells itself. We synthesized 68Ga-2-(p-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA) mannosylated human serum albumin (MSA) by conjugating human serum albumin with mannose, followed by conjugation...

Synucleinopathies, neurodegenerative disorders with alpha-synuclein (α-syn) accumulation, are the second leading cause of neurodegeneration in the elderly, however no effective disease-modifying alternatives exist for these diseases. Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a fatal synucleinopathy characterized by the accumulation of toxic aggregates of α-syn within oligodendroglial cells, leading to d...

Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between dysphagia and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA), and to characterize dysphagia in patients with the cerebellar (MSA-C) and parkinsonian (MSA-P) types. Methods: Sixty-one MSA patients (25 males, 36 females; 40 MSA-C, 21 MSA-P; mean age, 66.3 ± 11.0) were recruited. ADL was assessed on th...

measurement systems analysis (msa) has been applied in different aspect of industrial assessments to evaluate various types of quantitative and qualitative measures. qualification of a measurement system depends on two important features: accuracy and precision. since the capability of each quality system is severely related to the capability of its measurement system, the weakness of the two ...

Membranous septal aneurysm (MSA) is a rare anomaly and known to cause ventricular tachycardia and atrioventricular block. However, underlying mechanisms have not been addressed in its long history. We report first 3-D electro-anatomical mapping of MSA during and three years following the surgery. An elderly patient underwent a surgery for MSA. In the mapping, we located the His bundle near MSA ...

Background. The efficacy of Magnetic Sphincter Augmentation (MSA) and its outcomes for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) are uncertain. Therefore, we aimed to summarize and analyze the efficacy of two treatments for GERD. Methods. The meta-analysis search was performed, using four databases. All studies from 2005 to 2016 were included. Pooled effect was calculated using either the fixed or...

The construction of multiple sequence alignments (MSAs) is a fundamental problem in biology. Yet the problem cannot be solved exactly in most cases, as it is exponential in the number of sequences. It is therefore highly desirable to develop heuristics. It is reasonable that not every heuristic starts from scratch, but uses the expertise that has evolved over the years. We present a set of heur...