Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is multifaceted and includes reproductive, metabolic, and general health disorders, so employing different animal models is needed to study the syndrome. Use of an aromatase inhibitor, letrozole, on adult female rats produces a phenotype remarkably similar to that of PCOS. Licorice has been used in treating women infertility for thousands of years. L...

Background: Nicotine as a toxic agent in cigarette has detrimental effects on reproduction. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of of nicotine on germ and somatic cells in adult mouse testis. Materials and Methods: Male mice were divided into four groups. Group A or controls, groups of B, C and D were treated with nicotine intraperitoneally in doses of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg/100 g body w...

Background: The efficiency of in vitro fertilization (IVF) is still low to be developed to blastocyst stage probably because of environmental conditions. It is likely that in vitro environment can not exactly mimic in vivo environment due to differences in media, metabolic content, atmospheric composition, temperature and pH. Therefore it may affect embryo quality by changing in embryo gene exp...

Background: Melatonin has been recognised as effective reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger. antioxident melatonin effects has been expressed in management of cancer, alzheimer, diabet diseases. This study designed to determine the effect of melatonin on in vitro oocytes maturation and fertilization and cleavage and blastocyst development rate of mouse. Materials and Methods: Cumulus - oocyt...

Background Using cellular phone among adults, teenagers and children has rapidly increased all over the world. Also, the concern on the possible health hazards of Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) induced from cell phones on reproduction has been growing in many countries. The aim was to assess the morphological parameters, survival rate and development of mouse in-vitro embryos obtained by natural ...

Background: α-Lipoic acid (LA) is a cofactor in mitochondrial multienzyme complexes and is well-known for its antioxidant properties in both of in vivo and in vitro condition. Materials and Methods: Preantral follicles were isolated from 2 weeks old NMRI mice ovaries. LA at concentrations of 0 and 100 μM was supplemented to culture media (α-MEM medium supplemented with 5% FBS, 100 mlU/ml FSH, 1...

background: when male animals die, spermatozoa within the body of animal will be degenerated. because of unique chromatin structure of sperm, maybe this degeneration is different from other cells. however there is not any research which considered directly the integrity of sperm dna by keeping the cadaver in refrigerator. objective: the aim of this study was to assess viability, total motility ...

Background Melatonin (N-acetyl-5- methoxytryptamine) is mainly synthesized and secreted in the pineal gland, ovary, testes, bone marrow, retina and lens in mammalian species. It is involved in the detoxification of ROS and protects embryos from oxidative damage. Melatonin acts as a potential free radical scavenger, including peroxyl radical and hydroxyl radical. In addition, it can stimulate th...