The goal of medicine is to prevent harm as Hippocrates pointed out; “primum non nocere; first do no harm”. Has this fact been taken into account in developing Medical Education curricula in Asia? Frequency of diseases in Asia is different from high income countries (1, 2) and funds for research are lacking.  It is therefore important to allocate available funds to the most applicable issues to...

Tins a e r o ~ cosceaNs an unusual case of respiratory obstruction during induction of anaesthesia, caused by a ~mour of the laryngeal inlet. An 18-month-old child weighing 8.3 kg was admitted for elective removal of a hydroeoele and repair of an inguinal hernia. The child had a personal history of congenital depressed chest, ,con Recklinghansen's disease, vomiting and failure to gain weight. A...

several models have been developed to estimate land degradation rate and evaluate desertification severity. this study attempts to apply the medalus (mediterranean desertification and land use) model by considering existing conditions in the hamoun wetland, located in south-eastern iran. at first identification of the main factors affecting the desertification phenomenon was attempted, based on...

Haptic interfaces that present force and tactile feeling have been utilized in the areas of telemanipulation (Ivanisevi & Lumelsky, 2000; Elhajj et al., 2001), interaction with micro/nano scale phenomena (Ando et al., 2001; Marliere et al., 2004), medical training and evaluation (Langrana et al., 1994; Basdogan et al., 2001), and so on. Haptic interfaces are key devices in constructing virtual ...

Future humanoid robots will execute various complicated tasks based on communication with human users. These humanoid robots will be equipped with anthropomorphic robot hands much like the human hand. The robots will eventually supplant human labor in the execution of intricate and dangerous tasks in areas such as manufacturing, space exploration and the seabeds. Many multi-fingered robot hands...

background: the municipal solid wastes (msws) are disposed in open dumps, which have no leachate collection and removal system, in the caspian region of iran. leachate readily reaches the nearby water resources such as streams, rivers, lakes, and sea. therefore, understanding the quality and quantity of open dump leachate is vital to the proper treatment of leachate. methods: the leachate sampl...