AIM The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between submaximal and maximal physiological responses to rock climbing for climbers of differing abilities. METHODS Twenty-six male climbers performed a submaximal climbing test on a known circuit at 90° (vertical) and 105° (15° overhanging) inclination and speed 25 movements · min(-1). A maximal test was undertaken on a similar circu...

A very high ventilatory response to hypoxia is believed necessary to reach extreme altitude without oxygen. Alternatively, the excessive ventilation could be counterproductive by exhausting the ventilatory reserve early on. To test these alternatives, 11 elite climbers (2004 Everest-K2 Italian Expedition) were evaluated as follows: 1) at sea level, and 2) at 5,200 m, after 15 days of acclimatis...

The stability and function of a normal healthy visual system can be influenced by circumstances such as great depth or high altitude. As refractive surgery changes the properties of the cornea and the lens, concerns about refractive or intraocular lens (IOL) procedures in humans exposed to extreme situations have been raised. Early in the 1990s, it was reported that incisional refractive surger...

Purpose: This study aims to determine behavior of climbers and find out the efforts made by tracking manager minimize environmental damage caused climbing or activities as well maintaining personal safety for in Mount Batur area, Bangli, Bali.
 Research methods: used a qualitative descriptive method. Apart from being literature study, this research uses observation, in-depth interviews, do...

|This paper is concerned with function optimization in binary search spaces. It focuses on how hill-climbers can work together and/or use their past trials in order to speed up the search. A hill-climber is viewed as a set of mutations. The challenge is twofold: one must determine how many bits should be mutated, and which bits should preferably be mutated, or in other words, which climbing dir...

The present study was designed to determine which types of specific tests provide an effective evaluation of strength and endurance in highly trained competitive sport climbers. The research process consisted of three basic components: the measurement of selected somatic characteristics of the climbers, the assessment of their physical conditioning, and a search for correlations between the ant...

INTRODUCTION Few studies regarding foot changes and health of professional coconut tree climbers of south India are reported. Medical emergencies are very common, especially due to accidental fall from coconut trees, while on job. Objective of the present study is to analyze the altered biomechanics of lower limb joints used by the coconut tree climbers. METHOD Videographs of tree climbing ea...

In this work we give an extension of Kauffman’s NKLandscapes to multiobjective MNK-Landscapes in order to study the effects of epistasis on the performance of multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs). This paper focuses on the development of multiobjective random one-bit climbers (moRBCs). We incrementally build several moRBCs and analyze basic working principles of state of the art MOEAs...