This paper compares different types of simulated draws over a range of number of draws in generating Bayesian efficient designs for stated choice studies. The paper examines how closely pseudo Monte Carlo, quasi Monte Carlo and polynomial cubature methods are able to replicate the true levels of Bayesian efficiency for SC designs of various dimensions. The authors conclude that the predominantl...

A theoretical analysis of the Monte Carlo method for steady-state semiconductor device simulation, also known as the single-particle Monte Carlo method, is presented. At the outset of the formal treatment is the stationary Boltzmann equation supplemented by boundary conditions, which is transformed into an integral equation. The conjugate equation has been formulated in order to develop forward...

Background: Stereotactic radiosurgery is an important clinical tool for the treatment of small lesions in the brain, including benign conditions, malignant and localized metastatic tumors. A dosimetry study was performed for Elekta ‘Synergy S ’ as a dedicated Stereotactic radiosurgery unit, capable of generating circular radiation fields with diameters of 1-5 cm at isocentre using the BEAM/EGS4...

The dose calculation accuracy of a commercial pencil beam IMRT planning system is evaluated by comparison with Monte Carlo calculations and measurements in an anthropomorphic phantom. The target volume is in the right lung and mediastinum and thus significant tissue inhomogeneities are present. The Monte Carlo code is an adaptation of the MCNP code and the measurements were made with TLD and fi...

Background: For an effective treatment planning in brachytherapy, it is necessary to know the accurate source dosimetric information such as air kerma strength, exposure rate constant, dose rate constant and redial dose distribution. The usual method to determine these factors is thermo luminescent dosimeter (TLD) dosimetry. Nowadays, another more accurate method is known to be the Monte Carlo ...

An essential ingredient in radiotherapy is the calculation of the dose to be delivered to the patient. Analytical algorithms are commonly used for such a task, however their accuracy is not always satisfactory. Monte Carlo techniques provide higher accuracy, but they often require large computational times. Track-repeating algorithms, for example the Fast Dose Calculator, have shown promise for...

A Monte Carlo based inverse treatment planning system (MCI) has been developed which combines arguably the most accurate dose calculation method (Monte Carlo particle transport) with a 'guaranteed' optimization method (simulated annealing). A distribution of photons is specified in the tumour volume; they are transported using an adjoint calculation method to outside the patient surface to buil...

Monte Carlo dose calculations will potentially reduce systematic errors that may be present in currently used dose calculation algorithms. However, Monte Carlo calculations inherently contain random errors, or statistical uncertainty, the level of which decreases inversely with the square root of computation time. Our purpose in this study was to determine the level of uncertainty at which a lu...

Monte Carlo correlated sampling technique has been combined with the ssion matrix method to calculate reactivity perturbations due to small changes in cross-sections. The actual Monte Carlo simulation is done in a reference system diierent from both the unper-turbed and perturbed systems. This approach allows to correlated the unperturbed system and multiple perturbed systems to the reference s...