In human body genetic codes are stored in the genes. All of our inherited traits associated with these genes and grouped as structures generally called chromosomes. typical cases, each cell consists 23 pairs chromosomes, out which parent contributes half. But if a person has partial or full copy chromosome 21, situation is Down syndrome. It results intellectual disability, reading impairment, d...

This paper proposes an effective multi-objective differential evolution algorithm (MDES) to solve a permutation flow shop scheduling problem (PFSSP) with modified Dejong's learning effect. The proposed algorithm combines the basic differential evolution (DE) with local search and borrows the selection operator from NSGA-II to improve the general performance.  First the problem is encoded with a...