Head injury is a major cause of disability and death in adults. Significant developments in imaging techniques have contributed to the knowledge of the pathophysiology of head injury. Although extensive research is available on severe head injury, less is known about mild-to-moderate head injury despite the fact that most patients sustain this type of injury. In this review, we focus on structu...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether parents of children with traumatic brain injuries (TBI) report increased injury-related burden, distress, and family dysfunction and to examine the effects of attrition on the results. METHODS Children with severe TBI, moderate TBI, and orthopedic injuries were followed at six time points from baseline to 6 years after injury. Parents completed measures of injur...

BACKGROUND Virtually all the literature on head injury has focused on the outcome prediction of severe and mild head injuries and very few studies have been dedicated to patients sustaining moderate head injuries. AIM To identify the patient following moderate head injury who may die, develop severe disability or significant cognitive and behavioral problems on the first day of injury itself....

Medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries are a common knee injury, especially in competitive athletes. Identifying genetic loci associated with MCL injury could shed light on its etiology. A genome-wide association screen was performed using data from the Research Program in Genes, Environment and Health (RPGEH) including 1 572 cases of MCL injury and 100 931 controls. 2 SNPs (rs80351309 and r...

Ischemia reperfusion injury is a common cause of acute kidney injury and is characterized by tubular damage. Mitochondrial DNA is released upon severe tissue injury and can act as a damage-associated molecular pattern via the innate immune receptor TLR9. Here, we investigated the role of TLR9 in the context of moderate or severe renal ischemia reperfusion injury using wild-type C57BL/6 mice or ...

PURPOSE To determine the change over time of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and relative anisotropy of cerebral water in a cohort of premature newborns serially studied near birth and again near term. MATERIALS AND METHODS Newborns were classified as normal (N = 11), minimal white matter injury (N = 7), or moderate white matter injury (N = 5). RESULTS ADC decreased significantly w...

Objectives: To examine the impact of multi faceted rehabilitation services on functional outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) for individuals with moderate and severe TBI. Design: Cohort, non-randomized, interventional study, pre-test, post-test design. Setting: Community integrated post acute rehabilitation centre. Main outcome measures: Galvenston Orientation and Amnesia Test (GOAT), M...

Introduction: Following a traumatic brain injury (TBI), the excessive release of proinflammatory cytokines is major cause of cerebral edema that can cause permanent neuronal loss. This study examined the changes in brain concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α and TGF- after different doses of estrogen or progesterone treatment in brain-injured rats at 6 and 24 h post...