Glipizide has been found to form inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) in solution and in solid state. The present study was undertaken to determine a suitable method for scaling up glipizide-β-CD inclusion complex formation and to evaluate the effect of some parameters on the efficiency of complexation. The solid inclusion complexes of glipizide and β-CD were prepared at a molar...

An experimental investigation of mixing mechanisms in a shock-induced instability flow is described. We obtain quantitative two-dimensional maps of the heavy-gas (SF6) concentration using planar laser-induced fluorescence for the case of a shockaccelerated cylinder of heavy gas in air. The instantaneous scalar dissipation rate, or mixing rate, χ , is estimated experimentally for the first time ...

Phase mixing of chaotic orbits exponentially distributes these orbits through their accessible phase space. This phenomenon, commonly called ‘‘chaotic mixing,’’ stands in marked contrast to phase mixing of regular orbits which proceeds as a power law in time. It is operationally irreversible; hence, its associated e-folding time scale sets a condition on any process envisioned for emittance com...

We present and analyze a simpliied, scale-separated, anelastic uid model which is designed to assess the innuence of weak compressibility in the diiusive transport of a passive scalar. Our model incorporates a slowly varying, density induced, anisotropy into a xed, rapidly varying (small scale) uid ow. This anisotropy is physically motivated through the anelastic mass balance which retains vert...

Continuum-scale models have long been used to study subsurface flow, transport, and reactions but lack the ability to resolve processes that are governed by pore-scale mixing. Recently, porescale models, which explicitly resolve individual pores and soil grains, have been developed to more accurately model pore-scale phenomena, particularly reaction processes that are controlled by local mixing...

Two major apparently unrelated problems, that of the origin of time in the universe associated with quantum gravity and of the entropy in de Sitter cosmological models, are found to have their origin in a single physical phenomenon: the semi-classical tunneling through a classically forbidden region of the cosmological scale factor. In this region there is a mixing of the states of quantum matt...

The efficiency with which an incompressible flow mixes a passive scalar field that is continuously replenished by a steady source-sink distribution has been quantified using the suppression of the mean scalar variance below the value it would attain in the absence of the stirring. We examine the relationship this mixing measure has to the effective diffusivity obtained from homogenization theor...