The social environment plays a critical role in smoking initiation as well as relapse. We previously reported that rats acquired nicotine self-administration with an olfactogustatory cue only when another rat consuming the same cue was present during self-administration. Because carbon disulfide (CS2) mediates social learning of food preference in rodents, we hypothesized that socially acquired...

A method is presented to estimate the effect of intentional raising of fundamental frequency (F0) on vocal intensity. The method, Energy of the Synthesised Period (ESP), is based on computation of the energy of a hypothetical speech sound synthesised using a single period of the glottal volume velocity waveform and a digital filter that models the vocal tract. Both the glottal flow and the voca...

In generic Hamiltonian systems with a mixed phase space chaotic transport may be directed and ballistic rather than diffusive. We investigate one particular model showing this behaviour, namely a spatially periodic billiard chain in which electrons move under the influence of a perpendicular magnetic field. We analyze the phase-space structure and derive an explicit expression for the chaotic t...

Scattering of teleseismic body waves is conventionally used to investigate crustal and mantle structure using the so-called “receiver function” technique. This approach makes use of the fact that teleseismic events have nearvertical incidence upon horizontally layered structure, ensuring minimum phase, and assumes that source-time functions can be approximated by energy on the P component of mo...