Lin and Chang gave a generating function of convex polyominoes with an m+1 by n + 1 minimal bounding rectangle. Gessel showed that their result implies that the number of such polyominoes is m+ n+mn m+ n ( 2m+ 2n 2m ) − 2mn m+ n ( m+ n m )2 . We show that this result can be derived from some binomial coefficients identities related to the generating function of Jacobi polynomials. Some (binomia...

A method is shown for computing transfer entropy over multiple time lags for coupled autoregressive processes using formulas for the differential entropy of multivariate Gaussian processes. Two examples are provided: (1) a first-order filtered noise process whose state is measured with additive noise, and (2) two first-order coupled processes each of which is driven by white process noise. We f...

For a given partial solution, the partial inverse problem is to modify the coefficients such that there is a full solution containing the partial solution, while the full solution becomes optimal under new coefficients, and the total modification is minimum. In this paper, we show that the partial inverse assignment problem and the partial inverse minimum cut problem are NP-hard if there are bo...

background diffusion-weighted imaging (dwi) is a form of magnetic resonance imaging (mri) based on measuring the random brownian motion of water molecules within the biological tissues and is particularly useful in tumor characterization. objectives the purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of dw mri and the apparent diffusion coefficient (adc) for preoperative grading of a...

The linear logistic test model (LLTM) is a well-recognized psychometric model for examining the components of difficulty in cognitive tests and validating construct theories. The plausibility of the construct model, summarized in a matrix of weights, known as the Q-matrix or weight matrix, is tested by (1) comparing the fit of LLTM with the fit of the Rasch model (RM) using the likelihood ratio...

In this paper we analyzed cross-correlations in commodity markets investigating correlations of future contracts for commodities over the period 1998.09.01 2007.12.14. We constructed a minimal spanning tree based on the correlation matrix. The tree provides evidence for sector clusterization of investigated contracts. We also studied dynamic properties of correlations. It turned out that the ma...

rice blast, caused by pyricularia grisea, is one of the most important diseases of this crop in iran and all over the world. to evaluate the relationship between spore population (sp) and meteorological factors, sp was measured daily using spore trap during growing seasons of 2006-2008 in rasht and lahijan regions (guilan province, iran). weather data including precipitation, daily maximum and ...

We investigated the network structures of the Japanese stock market through the minimum spanning tree. We defined grouping coefficient to test the validity of conventional grouping by industrial categories, and found a decreasing in trend for the coefficient. This phenomenon supports the increasing external influences on the market due to the globalization. To reduce this influence, we used S&P...