Because of rapid urbanization, traffic problems, and other factors, underground spaces have been used more in the twenty-first century. Large are required for city, metro, tunnel, mine, industrial agricultural engineering, civil air defense engineering. Underground with varying thermal, ventilation, lighting environments can face problems comfort, health, safety. High temperatures, high humidit...

Methane emitted by the hard coal mines in operation Jiu Valley coalfield is under study order to find out most suitable solutions that increase occupational health and safety at last, but not least, capitalize power generating potential of it. From point view safety, methane displays highest risk because it can give birth an explosive mixture with air dust. discharges into outer atmosphere have...

Researchers from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), in cooperation with mine operators, conducted a study of heat-stress exposures among mine rescue workers in underground mines. Mine rescue workers face extreme heat loads as they enter hot and poorly ventilated environments, particularly when they are wearing breathing apparatus. The burden of wearing a closed-c...

    Hub covering location problem, Network design,   Single machine scheduling, Genetic algorithm,   Shuffled frog leaping algorithm   Hub location problems (HLP) are synthetic optimization problems that appears in telecommunication and transportation networks where nodes send and receive commodities (i.e., data transmissions, passengers transportation, express packages, postal deliveries, etc....

The Bureau of Mines has s u c c e s s f u l l y used s u l f u r h e x a f l u o r i d e (SF,) a s a t r a c e r gas t o measure mine a i r f lows under c o n d i t i o n s where c o n v e n t i o n a l methods have f a i l e d . SF, was employed e x p e r i m e n t a l l y t o measure a c c u r a t e l y r e c i r c u l a t i o n o f r e t u r n i n t o i n t a k e a i r caused by leakage thro...