On 28 January 1783, Joseph Black, professor of medicine and chemistry at Edinburgh Univeristy, and William Robertson, its principal, were elected honorary foreign members of the Russian Academy of Sciences. In May of that year, John Grieve, a Scottish doctor returning to Britain from service with the Russian army, wrote from Riga, as "a scholar to his old master", to inform Black of arrangement...

We conducted three experiments to reproduce and extend Perone and Courtney's (1992) study of pausing at the beginning of fixed-ratio schedules. In a multiple schedule with unequal amounts of food across two components, they found that pigeons paused longest in the component associated with the smaller amount of food (the lean component), but only when it was preceded by the rich component. In o...

The Subjective Stress Scale (SSS) was developed by Bramston and Bostock (1994) to provide a sensitive measure of stress for people with intellectual disabilities. This study examined the underlying structure of the SSS by analysing responses of 221 intellectually disabled people to the questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis of the interitem correlation matrix yielded at least three solution...

It has been used in the extraction of non-magnetic foreign bodies embedded in the sclera (Moron-Salas, I963) and for various surgical procedures on the ciliary body. All these manoeuvres could be improved if the light source could be increased, but until recently this has been impossible because of the limitation of size of the electric bulb at the tip of the probe and by danger ofburning if th...

This study investigated the differential effectiveness of assertiveness and problem-solving training on dually diagnosed patients' adaptive social behavior, distress and psychiatric symptoms, anger control, and problem-solving coping skills using a counterbalanced design. Assessments were conducted at pretreatment, midphase, posttreatment, and a 3-month follow-up examination. A combined asserti...

Word and nonword identification skills were examined in a sample of 80 elementary school age students with mild intellectual disabilities and mixed etiologies who were described as struggling to learn to read by their teachers. Performance on measures of receptive and expressive vocabulary, measures of phonological awareness, and measures of word and nonword identification were included for ana...

A whole method of training mildly retarded young women to thread an industrial sewing machine was compared with a pure-part and a progressive-part method. All three methods produced comparable learning, as defined by performance on the complete task one month after initial training. However, part methods were markedly superior to the whole method; fewer errors were made during trials to criteri...

The current covid-19 pandemic has made people concerned due to this virus spread out many countries. Preventive action are required prevent the potential of Covid-19. One taken is protection children and educational facilities in schools by educating 3M implement health protocols. methods used activity lectures simulations. media videos. This was carried at SLB N Pembina Yogyakarta with 24 stud...

A 32-year-old chronically relapsing depressed male patient with a mild mental handicap had tried different forms of pharmacotherapy which were either not tolerated or failed to prevent recurrences of episodes of psychotic depression. The use of maintenance ECT as the mainstay of the therapeutic regime led to a marked consistent clinical improvement.

1 Spatial coherence and seasonal predictability of monsoon onset over Indonesia 1 2 3 Vincent Moron*,° Andrew W. Robertson°, Rizaldi Boer+ 4 5 6 * CEREGE, UMR 6635 CNRS, Université d’Aix-Marseille, & Institut Universitaire de France, France 7 ° International Research Institute for Climate and Society (IRI), Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA 8 + Laboratory of Climatology, Bogor Agri...