BACKGROUND Demographic changes increase the financing needs of all social services. This change also generates new and complex demands on the medical staff. Accordingly, medical professionals in middle management positions hold a characteristic sandwich position between top management and the operational core. This sandwich position often constitutes new challenges. In the industrial field, the...

The present study was conducted to clarify the direct effects of active listening (AL) training given to middle managers in a local government. Altogether, 345 middle managers participated in 13 AL training sessions over two years. We developed the Inventive Experiential Learning (IEL) method, and used it as the central training method in this study. To investigate how well the participants lea...

This article describes the most essential roles, skills, and competencies needed by middle managers in occupational therapy organizations. Middle-level managers are responsible for a specific segment of the organization. They are uniquely positioned to foster changes in the department. Because of the challenges in the health care environment, it is important to discuss the roles that middle man...

formation, it would also have been good if some of the authors and illustrators received the kind of brief descriptions that the author provided for some of the publishing firms. While obviously it is the private or institutional collector of these Tale of Peter Rabbit spinoffs who will find this book most useful, larger libraries or those with a strong interest in publishing history or childre...

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the role of middle managers in knowledge management implementation toward improving organizational performance. Conceptually, this paper seeks to identify the direct relationship between middle managers role and knowledge management implementation. In addition, it seeks to identify the direct relationship between knowledge management implementation and or...

Although trait leadership theory has been widely criticized by scholars over the past century (Stogdill, 1948; Mann, 1959) employers always want to know what kind of abilities and psychological traits distinguish their future employees. The trait approach plays an important part in human resource management practices for selecting, developing and planning the career paths of managers (Armstrong...

PURPOSE The purpose of this descriptive and cross-sectional study is to explore the relationships between managers' leadership styles and employees' job satisfaction in Isfahan University Hospitals, Isfahan, Iran, 2004. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH The data were collected through the distribution of two questionnaires among the 814 employees, first line, middle and senior managers of these hos...

BACKGROUND The past fifteen years have been marked by large-scale change efforts undertaken by healthcare organizations to improve patient safety and patient-centered care. Despite substantial investment of effort and resources, many of these large-scale or "radical change" initiatives, like those in other industries, have enjoyed limited success - with practice and behavioural changes neither ...

Method: case study and analysis of thematic content in the stages of unity of meaning, condensed meaning unity, interpretation of the underlying meaning, sub-theme and theme. Nine nurse managers participated. The data collection was done through a script with questions that, according to the convenience of the participants, were answered by electronic mail. The data were analyzed in the light o...