This paper presents a technique for identification of solid materials by localized microwaves. A small hotspot (~1-mm) created by thermal-runaway instability on the material surface is further radiated by the localized microwaves hence ejecting a plasma plume. Its atomic emission spectrum is detected and analyzed by an optical spectrometer for element identification, as in the known laser-induc...

N-Substituted amides and lactams are rapidly N-alkylated under solvent-free phase-transfer catalytic conditions using microwaves.

The purpose of this article was to present a brief review pertinent information regarding the effects microwave radiation on biological systems. Researchers have been intrigued by interaction electromagnetic fields (EMFs) and various life processes since 18th century. Microwaves refer oscillation an EMF with wavelength 1 mm m, which penetrates matter varying degrees. With widespread ever-increa...

A pilot plant for continuous flow microwave-assisted chemical reaction combined with microreactors was developed and water heating tests were conducted for evaluation of the developed plant. We developed a microwave apparatus having a single microwave generator that can heat reaction solutions in four reaction fields simultaneously in order to increase throughput. We also designed a four-branch...

The purpose of the study was to investigate microwave selective heating phenomena and their impact on heterogeneous chemical reactions. We also present a tool which will help microwave chemists to answer to such questions as "My reaction yields 90% after 7 days at reflux; is it possible to obtain the same yield after a few minutes under microwaves?" and to have an approximation of their reactio...

A new anti-counterfeiting technology Genotoxic impurities – a new guideline Microwaves in process chemistry ISSUE 14 • JUNE 2007

The use of microwave heating to initiate combustion synthesis has been increasingly investigated in recent years because of its advantages over traditional methods. A simple mathematical model is used to model these experiments. The microwave power absorption term is modelled as the product of an Arrhenius reaction term with a function that decays exponentially with distance. The former represe...

A compact standing-wave linac has been designed using S-band microwaves for medical and industrial applications. It uses a bi-periodic structure with constant impedance. It consists of a buncher section with three-cells and on-axis coupled cavities with nine-cells. The total length is 740.0 mm including the electron gun. Using SUPERFISH, HFSS and PARMELA codes, it is capable to deliver 4.5 MeV ...