BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency is reported as a possible risk factor for the development of diabetes in several epidemiologic studies. In this study, we investigated the frequency of 25-OH vitamin D deficiency in type 2 diabetes mellitus and the relationship between 25-OH vitamin D deficiency and the prevalence of microvascular complications. METHODS In this retrospective study, we evaluated...

Copyright © Polskie Towarzystwo Kardiologiczne WSTĘP W ostatniej dekadzie w postępowaniu z chorym na nadciśnienie tętnicze (HT), zwłaszcza współistniejące z chorobą wieńcową i innymi schorzeniami układu sercowo-naczyniowego, podkreśla się znaczenie oceny wczesnych powikłań narządowych. Nowe dowody kliniczne potwierdzają konieczność uwzględniania subklinicznych powikłań narządowych w obrębie ser...

BACKGROUND Although chronic kidney disease-induced anemia is more prevalent in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), anemia is a common finding prior to manifestation of kidney disease. In presence of some risk factors at the time of diagnosing DM, microvascular complications must be considered. The effect of anemia as a risk factor on progression of DM complications is still unclear. OBJECTI...

dedifferentiation through activation of EGFR/PI3K signaling [published online aheadof print July 21, 2011]. JCell Physioldoi: 10.1002/jcp.22946 17. Kalluri R, Weinberg RA: The basics of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. J Clin Invest 119: 1420–1428, 2009 18. Galichon P, Hertig A: Epithelial to mesenchymal transition as a biomarker in renal fibrosis: Are we ready for the bedside? Fibrogenesis T...

Treatment c Optimize glucose control to reduce the risk or slow the progression of diabetic kidney disease. A c Optimize blood pressure control to reduce the risk or slow the progression of diabetic kidney disease. A c For people with nondialysis-dependent diabetic kidney disease, dietary protein intake should be approximately 0.8 g/kg body weight per day (the recommended daily allowance). For ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It has been shown in studies that there are significant variations in glycation of various serum proteins in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with and without microvascular complications. Present study aimed to evaluate whether correcting serum fructosamine for serum total protein level, serum glycated albumin for serum albumin level and deriving ratio of glycated β-...

Chronic hyperglycemia is the main risk factor for the development of diabetes-related complications in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, but it is thought that frequent or large glucose fluctuations may contribute independently to diabetes-related complications. A systematic literature review was performed using the PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases with searches limited to studies p...

Diabetes is a group of chronic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia. Chronic hyperglycemia injures the human body in many different ways. Modern medical care therefore uses a vast array of lifestyle and pharmaceutical interventions aimed at preventing and controlling hyperglycemia. One of the chief injuries arising from hyperglycemia is injury to vasculature, which is classified as either sm...

For individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D), minimizing exposure to hyperglycaemia (high glucose), is key in preventing microvascular complications, such as retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy. Chronic hyperglycaemia may also contribute to the development of cognitive deficit as reported in groups with T1D when compared to healthy controls [1]. However, some researchers maintain that it is t...

Microvascular disease is the main determinant in the development of late complications in diabetes mellitus. This is obvious for diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy, but changes in the microcirculation may also play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. Although the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy is incompletely understood, it is likely that it involves an int...